rOLSOM : MOUTH-PARTS OF ANURIDA MAKITIMA. 125 



19, pal2). mx}), wahreud das in der directeu Fortsetzung des ursprting- 

 licheu Maxilleu-Zapfeus liegende Eudsttick zur Lade (lobus) wird." This 

 agrees with Anurida, Canipodea, and (Ecanthus, but disagrees with the 

 account given by Heymons himself for Lepisma. 



Turning to the Myriopods, Scolopendrella, while undoubtedly more 

 closely allied to the Diplopods, nevertheless shows in many ways inter- 

 esting correspondences with Campodea, as other writers have ah'eady 

 stated. The lateral parts of the plate termed the " gnathochilarium " 

 resemble in several respects the first maxillae of Campodea. According 

 to Latzel ('84, Taf. I. Figuren 6, 7) and Grassi ('86% Tav. II. Figure 

 5, 10), there is an elongated hollow stipes bearing an outer (galeal) 

 and also an inner (lacinial) terminal lobe, both of which agree in detail 

 with the comparable structures of Campodea and Japyx ; for in Cam- 

 podea, a one-jointed palpus is present, and in Campodea, Japyx, and 

 Collembola, a " chitiuous rod " extends backward from the lacinia. 

 The few muscles shown by Latzel ('84, Taf. I. Figur 7) fire to be 

 compared with 5. and 6. pr't. add., and 8. ret. add. of Orchesella (Fol- 

 som, '99, Plate 3, Figures 20, 21). Grassi ('86% p. 16) states that 

 muscles from within the organ pass to an endoskeleton, wduch, as one 

 may see from his Figure 25, is essentially like the " lingual stalks " 

 that I have found in Orchesella and Anurida, and still more neai'ly like 

 tlie same structure of Campodea and Japyx. All these similarities 

 confirm the view, based primarily upon other anatomical data, that 

 Scolopendrella most clearly represents the hypothetical ancestor of 

 insects. 



Among Diplopods the passage from the more generalized genera, as 

 Lysiopetalum or Craspedosoma, to Scolopendrella is clear. In the first 

 genus, especially, are seen a cardo (not described as yet for Scolopen- 

 drella), stipes, galea, and lacinia, all simple in structure, but no palpus. 

 I should state, however, that it remains to confirm these homologies by 

 embryology. 



In Campodea the second pair of jaws is usually homologized with 

 the first maxillae of Insects ; but, except in position, there is little re- 

 seml)lance between the two organs. 



The first maxillee of insects are usually homologized with the first 

 maxilke of Crustacea, but if, as I maintain, the " superlinguse " are 

 equivalent to the latter organs, it follows that the hexapod first maxilla3 

 correspond to the Crustacean second maxillte. 



The primitive biramous character of Crustacean mouth-parts is well 

 known, and Hansen ('93, p. 198) has, in connection with this subject, 



