WOODWORTH: GEOLIGICAL EXPEDITION TO BRAZIL AND CHILE. 39 
elevation exceeding forty-two feet was ascertained by indubitable 
evidence. But this case arose in a folded mountain-chain of recent 
development where uplift is not denied by Suess. The Coastal 
Cordillera of Chile is composed of an elongated horst lying outside of 
the folded chain of the Andes and the evidence of uplifts at the time 
of the Valparaiso earthquake of 1906 is therefore of especial interest in 
confirming the conclusion of Darwin and Fitzroy that an elevation 
of the coast may take place concomitant with an earthquake on this 
coast, though it does not prove that the coast has been permanently 
elevated by successive stages at long intervals in this manner. 
From the information collected and published by Dr. Steffen, we 
also learn that no noticeable seaquake wave or tsunami was set up 
in that part of the coast which was the seat of the maximum seismic 
activity and change of level. At Constitucion and particularly in 
the bay of Talcahuano unusual movements of the sea, however, 
appear to have taken place. At Tomé on the eastern shore of this 
large shallow harbor at a time differently stated as a quarter of an 
hour and as an hour after the earthquake, the sea retired for about 
fifty meters, returning quietly to its place. This movement was 
repeated three or four times, the last two incursions being the greatest, 
covering a space of seventy meters. At Penco, the site of Old Con- 
cepcion, made famous by the number of times it has been devasted 
by earthquakes and sudden irruptions of the sea, similar phenomena 
took place. A wave rose to the level of the railway (Plate 4) along 
the beach and passed through the bridges and drains to the low 
ground behind, causing the inhabitants in their alarm to begin to 
take refuge in the neighboring hills; but the sea returned, so it is 
stated, to its normal level in less than ten minutes. (Steffen, 1907, 
p. 66-67). 
The Valparaiso earthquake followed immediately upon a heavy 
earthquake on the submarine border of the Aleutian Island platform 
in 50 N. L. and somewhere between 175° and 180° of longitude E. 
from Greenwich according seismometric determinations.! The mean 
of the determinations of the time at origin of this shock by Zoeppritz, 
Oh. 10m. 47s., and by the observatories at Florence, Oh. 10m. 35s., 
Laibach, Oh. 11m. 19s., and Tokyo, oh. 11m. 16s., is Oh. 10m. 59s. 
1 Zoeppritz places the origin within 100 kilometers of 180 of Longitude from Gr. 
and the time as Oh. 10m. 47s. 20s. See E. Rudolph und E. Tams Seismogramme 
der nordpazifischen und sudamerikanischen erdbebens am 16 August 1906, Strassburg 
i. E. 1907. Professor Omori gives the origin at 175 +° E. L. and the time as Oh. 
1lm. 44s. G.M. T., midnight to midnight. 
