40 BULLETIN: MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 
which may be taken as Oh. 11m. or about 29m. 10s. previous to the 
calculated time of the Valparaiso shock at origin.’ 
According to Benndorf the secondary preliminary or transverse 
group of seismic waves arrive at distances of 14,000 kms. after an 
interval of 30m.; according to Rizzo’s later work, we may expect them 
to arrive as early as 29m. 30s. after the primal shock, or after a mean 
interval of 29m. 45s.+ 15s. It thus seems highly probable that the 
Valparaiso shock was set off by the passage of the vibrations emanating 
from an earthquake in the Aleutian Islands.” 
Voyage from Valparaiso to Panama, and thence to New York. On 
the 7th of January 1909, I sailed from Valparaiso by the Chilean 
steamship Jimari for Panama, with stops at various ports on the 
intermediate coast. Along this coast as far north as the island of 
San Gallan near Callao, from time to time one sees from the deck of a 
passing vessel sea-caves somewhat above the present level of the sea, 
indicating a modern uplift in relation to sea-level. Above these 
recent indications of a change of level the embayments of the coast 
are terraced as at Coquimbo and Ilo to a height of a few hundred feet. 
Usually above the highest terrace which is somewhat more eroded and 
creased by ravines than those successively lower, there rises a dissected 
slope to the edge of the lofty plateau. That these terraces facing the 
sea indicate changes of level one can hardly doubt. Were they due 
to differential weathering the upper ones would be as sharply defined 
as the lower terraces. In this respect the coast is.in sharp contrast to 
much of the region south of Valparaiso. We reached Panama January 
26, where our fellow-passenger Colonel Gorgas of the Isthmian Canal 
Commission showed us many courtesies. On January 27 I sailed by 
the Royal Mail Steamship Nile for New York with a stop at Kingston, 
Jamaica. This enabled me to spend a day in the examination of the 
destructive work of the earthquake of January 14, 1907, the effects 
of which were visible on every hand in the unfortunate city. The 
Nile arrived at New York February 4th, 1909. 
' The initial Valparaiso shock according to the results obtained at Laibach took 
place at Oh. 40m. 5s. Cf. Galdino Negri. Velocidad de propagacion de las Ondas 
Sismicas. Observatorio astronomica de la Universidad nacional dela Plata. Memoria 
presentada al IV Congreso cientifico internacional americano celebrado en Buenos 
Aires del 10 al 25 de Julio de 1910. La Plata, 1911. p. 100. 
* See in this connection, Quelques constantes sismiques trouvées par les macro- 
sismes. Nota d'Emilio Oddone da Roma. Strassburg, Bureau Central, 1907. 
