WOODWORTH: GEOLOGICAL EXPEDITION TO BRAZIL AND CHILE. 
The shales at Elias Fausto Station, by the minimum estimate 
fifteen feet, by the maximum twenty-two. 
The succeeding group composed mainly of sandstones including al] 
the beds about Capivary, by the minimum estimate 
based on the hypothesis of duplication of exposure 
through gentle folding 600 feet, or by the maximum 
1,400 feet. 
From the top of these beds to the shales with 
Stereosternum at Piracicaba 700 feet by the minimum, 
1,000 feet by the maximum method. 
These minimum estimates give a thickness of 2,343 
feet, or about 714 meters. 
The Bofete-well record in Sao Paulo cited by Dr. 
I. C. White gave forty-eight M. for the Iraty Black 
shale and 837 feet below that group to the bottom of 
the well. 
The accompanying section (Fig. 12) represents the 
succession of strata between Itaicy and Piracicaba 
interpreted on the probable solution that the shales 
east of the Rio das Pedras are in a synclinal outlier 
of the beds about Piracicaba. 
In this section there appears no bed equivalent 
in lithological character to the boulder tillites of the 
Jaguaricatu section in northern Parand. In the 
section along the line of the railway there are scattered 
stones and small blocks embedded indifferently in the 
peculiar sandstones and shales. This 
indiscriminate distribution of fre- 
quently striated stones in beds of 
sandstone and shale is presumptive 
evidence of the action of floating ice 
particularly in the case of the shales. 
The weathered state of the sandstones 
in the railway cuts makes precise 
comparisons with the deep} blue 
tillite beds farther south difficult and 
unsatisfactory. 
Fig. 12.— Section of Permian from 
granite floor at Itaicy to Pira- 
cicaba. 1. Pre-Devonian granite. 
2. Sandy tillite about Imbaiatuba. 
3. Shales. 4. Sandy tillite. 5. 
Shales at Estacaio Elias Fausto. 
6. Sandy tillite east and west of 
Capivary. 7. Shales west of Rio 
das Pedras. C. Cherty layers. 
8. Shales and Stereosternum beds 
about Piracicaba. D. Diahase sills. 
So far in this section of the Permian no marine fossils have been 
found below the Stereosternum beds if indeed that horizon be marine. 
On the contrary, notwithstanding the trunks of trees discovered by 
Dr. Derby somewhere near the middle of the section, no fossils appear 
