74 BULLETIN: MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 
All of the strata below the railroad track are essentially devoid of 
decomposition evidently because of the geologically recent lowering of 
the bed of the river. While the assemblage of water deposited 
conglomerates in this section are entirely consistent with neighboring 
glacial conditions there is no true tillite in the lower part of the section 
and while the ridge may be an esker the evidence is not conclusive. 
It is possible to regard the narrow belt of conglomerates as deposited 
in the channel of an aggrading stream which in its later stages of 
deposition laid down the cross-bedded enveloping sandstones. 
As the Orleans section by no means affords a typical exposure of the 
tillite beds the name seems inappropriate for the glacial conglomerates 
Fic. 23.— Basal boulder in Permian shales, resting on granite, near Minas, 
Sta. Catharina. 
and Dr. White (Woodworth, 1910, p. 779) having kindly coincided 
in the matter the name Jaguaricatu has been substituted for this 
horizon because of the splendid exposures of tillite along the banks of 
this river in railway cuts in northeastern Parana. 
In the exposed section of base of the main area at Minas no con- 
glomerates were encountered. A few scattered granite and quartzite 
pebbles occur in sandy beds but without striae or flattened sides or 
crushed and snubbed ends indicative of glacial action. About 2.4 
kms. below the railway station in a railway cut the basal Permian 
shales may be seen resting on the Pre-Devonian granites. On this 
ancient surface reposes a boulder of granite about three feet (1 meter) 
in diameter covered by the shales. Some small grooves or channels 
in the granite are filled with a gravelly sandstone. No traces of a 
glaciated floor were discernible. 
It remains to characterize the glacial features of the above described 
localities as a whole and to draw from the evidence now in hand such 
conclusions as appear tenable. 
There can be no doubt as to the glacial origin of the massive tillite 
beds in Parané and their likeness to the tillites of Permian age in 
India, Australia, and South Africa. The massive aggregation in 
