82 BULLETIN: MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 
dence of an eastern origin for the glacial débris points to this latter 
mode of deposition rather than to the first above outlined. 
Our knowledge of the Permian of south Brazil is limited to the 
narrow belt from which the overlying supposed Triassic beds have 
disappeared by erosion. The Permian is not represented as reappear- 
ing on the western flank of the broad shallow syncline which subtends 
the structure as far west as Cuyuba in Matto Grosso but it is probable 
that the Permian extends far beneath the Triassic cover. 
Boulder-Beds of the Argentine Republic The brief references of 
Bodenbender (1895) to the occurrence of boulder-bearing beds be- 
neath the Gondwana flora in the provinces of San Luis and Mendoza 
in central Argentina may be presumed, though this geologist does not 
infer their glacial origin, to indicate an extension of the Brazilian 
Permian geographic conditions to the south and west quite to the 
base of the Andes, thus practically carrying the peculiar geographic 
and climatic features of the Permian across the continent of the 
southern hemisphere from one shore of the Pacific Ocean to the other. 
Details concerning the agency concerned in the transportation of 
these Argentine deposits is as yet lacking and until the precise facts 
on this point are known it would be presumptuous to draw further 
conclusions from the deposits concerning the glacial problems of 
the South American Permian. 
Boulder-Beds of the Falkland Islands— Mr. Thorre G. Halle (1911, 
p. 115-229) reports the existence of a boulder-bed and typical 
tillite with striated flat-faced pebbles at the base of a Permo-Carboni- 
ferous series on East Falkland Island. Higher up in the section occur 
Glossopteris, Gangamopteris, Phyllotheca and other members of the 
Gondwana flora. 
The occurrence of glacial deposits in south Brazil and on the Falk- 
land Islands carries with it the presumption that the boulder-beds 
beneath a Gondwana flora in Argentina are also glacial in origin 
whether or not they now show striae, which latter may yet be found 
on the small rock fragments. 
Gondwana-land. Did it include Parand-land? — Palaeogeographers 
relying largely upon the distribution of the fossil genera Glossopteris, 
Gangamopteris, and their plant allies of Permo-Carboniferous times 
with the associated glacial boulder-beds have gradually extended the 
name Gondwana-land from its original application to the Indian 
South African area so as to include the South American tracts in 
which traces of the Gondwana flora occur. To a certain extent the 
name has thus become designative of a set of geographical conditions 
