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SAYLES: THE SQUANTUM TILLITE. 155 
In the tillite of New South Wales, Australia, there is a case very 
similar to those just described. The exposure was found by Mr. C. 
S. Wilkinson in 1879 in Permian, or Permo-Carboniferous tillite. 
It bears so closely on our problem here that it will be well to quote 
Wilkinson in part. He says:— “In the section exposed in the 
quarries at Fort Macquaire, Woolloomooloo, Flagstaff Hill, and other 
places, may be seen angular boulders of the shale of all sizes up to 20 
feet in diameter, embedded in the sandstone in a most confused man- 
ner, some of them standing on end as regards stratification and others 
inclined at all angles. ‘These angular boulders occur nearly always 
immediately above the shale beds, and are mixed with very rounded 
pebbles of quartz: they are sometimes slightly curved as if they had 
been bent whilst in a semi-plastic condition, and the shale beds occa- 
sionally terminate abruptly, as though broken off. Had the boulders 
of soft shale been deposited in their present position by running water 
alone, their form would have been rounded instead of angular. It 
would appear that the shale beds must have been partly disturbed by 
some such agency as moving ice, the displaced fragments of shale 
becoming commingled with the sand and rolled pebbles carried along 
by the currents.” (C. S. Wilkinson, p. 194). 
Where the slate fragments appear near the transition-beds the pro- 
portion of pebbles to matrix is large, suggesting thin ice acting for a 
short time. There are some sandstone beds intercalated in the tillite 
which have a strike differing by 8°-10° from the strike of the main 
body of the slate just above. According to James Geikie (1895, p. 24), 
this is characteristic of beds intercalated in till. These beds must 
have dipped to the west when deposited. 
Cleavage is well developed throughout these outcrops. See Plate 9. 
Criteria found: — A, B, C, D, E, F, H, J, K, L, M, N, O. 
Locality 13. Squantum Head. At Squantum Head about three 
fourths of a mile north of the exposure just described, there is a massive 
outcrop of tillite. Strike on the north at contact with the slate N 48° 
E, dip 25° S. These strikes and dips were taken west of a north and 
south fault line to be described later. The thickness is probably 600 
feet. The matrix is arenaceous and argillaceous. Boulders, boul- 
derets, and pebbles are of all shapes and sizes up to three and one half 
feet in diameter. The proportion of rounded pebbles is larger than at 
the other Squantum exposure, although angular ones are very common, 
and the latter show the usual shapes due to glaciation. Dr. Arthur 
Keith, in the presence of Dr. La Forge and the writer, found one - 
pebble which he considered at the time to be ice worn, and I found 
a pebble bearing several glacial striae (Plate 10). The pebbles are of 
