198 BULLETIN: MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 
crystal form. This rock is not made up of fragments of fossils, like 
that of the calcareous formations below. 
The leading fossil of this formation is Christiania oblonga (Pander). 
Some large cephalopods are found, and in the Government of Petro- 
grad, Cryptocrinites laevis (Pander) is a characteristic fossil, and 
Echinosphaerites aurantium (Gyllenhahl) is occasionally found. 
The Reval is the youngest formation which appears in the “Glint.” 
Kuckers formation. Cz, (Kuckerssche schicht or Brandschiefer) 
of Schmidt. 
The Kuckers formation takes its name from the estate of Baron 
Toll, about five miles northeast of the railroad station Jewe; but the 
strata are very little exposed at that locality and collecting is now very 
poor. The same strata are reported by Schmidt to be exposed in a 
few natural sections along streams but the places were difficult of 
access and we saw the Kuckers only at the typical locality and at 
Reval. The formation occupies the low, level land at the top of the 
escarpment which faces the Gulf of Finland, and the numerous 
beautiful fossils which it has produced have come from ditches dug 
to drain this sort of land. ( 
The base of this formation can be seen in the extensive quarries 
at Reval where the upper three or four feet are a-bluish gray calcareous 
shale and thin-bedded shaly limestone containing numerous cystids, 
including Echinosphaerites aurantium, Caryocystites balticus, and C. 
aranea. 
In the trench at Kuckers the strata consist of gray and reddish 
earthy limestone and soft reddish shale known from its combustibility 
as the “ Brandshiefer.”’ Schmidt has listed localities in this formation 
all the way from the village of Djatlizy south of Gostilizy and west 
of Petrograd to the point where it goes beneath the waters of the Gulf 
of Finland southwest of Baltishport. Its large fauna is rather easily 
recognized. Chasmops odini, Ceraurus spinulosus, Porambonites 
teretior, Plectambonites sericeus, Oxoplecia dorsata, Echinosphaerites 
aurantium, and Platystrophia lynx were the more common species seen 
by the writer. Of these, the Oxoplecia dorsata is most valuable as a 
cosmopolitan form, but, in Russia, confined apparently, to this horizon. 
Schmidt estimated the thickness of the Kuckers at from thirty to 
fifty feet. 
Itfer formation. Cs; (Itfersche schicht) of Schmidt. 
This member is named from an exposure on the estate of Baron 
Wrangel at Itfer, northeast of Wesenberg. This exposure, a small 
quarry, is now completely overgrown and nothing is to be seen. | 
