160 A FIRST LIST OF THE 



distinct; in fact, pispoletta is much nearer Calandrella brachy- 

 dactyla, only it has a much shorter and more conical bill, and 

 has the breast rather conspicuously marked with striae. 



Of the present species, raytal, Mr. Oates remarks : " This is 

 a very common bird on all sand-banks, but I have never seen it 

 away from the Irrawaddy ; it runs very quickly, and in poling" 

 up the river in a boat they seem to like to keep up with one — 

 I fancy to pick up insects which are disturbed by the falling 1 

 sand. At the close of March dissection showed clearly that they 

 were about to breed, but unfortunately I was away from Boulay 

 in April, or I should have been sure to secure nests. The dimen- 

 sions of males that I measured were as follow : — 



"Length, 5*4 to 5*43; expanse, 10'1 to 102; tail, from vent, 

 1-8 to 1-85; wing-, 3*15 to 3'2 ; bill, from gape, 0'58 to 0*62; 

 tarsus, 0"75 to 0"77; legs, fleshy yellow; claws, pale horny; 

 bill, horny, with a tinge of green; the gape, yellowish; the tip, 

 dusky ; hides, brown ; eyelids, bluish grey ; inside of mouth, 

 fleshy." 



771.— Treron nipalensis, Hodgs. 



Mr. Oates remarks : " I procured a pair on the Pegu Hills, 

 where it or the next species, possibly both, for I did not dis- 

 criminate them, are common. 



" A male measured : Length, 10 - 8; expanse, 16*74; tail, from 

 vent, 3" 4 ; wing, 5*75 ; bill, from gape, 0*97 ; tarsus, - 95 ; spread 

 of foot, 2-0. 



" A female measured: Length, 106; expanse, 17'5; tail, from 

 vent, 3 - 2 ; wing, 5 - 5 ; bill, from gape, 093; tarsus, 091 ; spread of 

 foot, 1-98. 



" The coloration of the soft parts in the sexes do not differ. 

 The bill is bright red at the base, yellowish on the culmen, and 

 bluish white on the corneous portion ; inside of mouth, reddish 

 fleshy ; eyelids, bright greenish blue ; iris, blue, with a pale 

 orange sclerotic ( ? ) ; legs, bright red ; claws, pale horn ; the 

 bare skin of the face as in the eyelids." 



In general appearance and coloring of plumage this species 

 is so close to Osmotrer&n Phayrei that I have repeatedly known 

 the two to be confounded, and yet they can be discriminated at 

 a glance. 



In the first place the corneous portion of the bill in 

 this species is much larger than in Phayrei, so much so that 

 while in this latter a considerable low, ceral space intervenes 

 between the frontal feathers and the corneous portion of the bill, 

 this latter in Treron runs right back to these feathers. 



In the second place Treron has a huge, bare space round the eye, 

 which Phayrei has not. 



In the third place Treron has no orange on the breast. 



