THE AVIFAUNA OF KASHGAR IN WINTER. 219 



bushes Propasser rhodochlamys, a rather paler bird than the one 

 we usually call so ; a Passer of the type of P. rutilans* Japan, 

 Paras cyanus, a ruddy colored lluticilla,] apparently new, and 

 the ubiquitous P. montanus are sure to be found. Somewhat 

 rarer are an Emberiza\ with a black throat, and the Regulus 

 cristatus Avhich I have seen in the Himalayas, ? himalayensis. 

 Ouce I got a couple of a Cohimba, probably cenas§ in a bit of 

 forest east of Yarkand. Both Lanius excubitor\\ and L. 

 arenarius are occasionally seen, but are by no means com- 

 mon ; a new Sylviparus^ is rare except about Maralbashi. 

 Captain Biddulph shot several there, and says that it prefers 

 high grass to bushes. A few Picus(*) very like medius, but 

 apparently with much less red on the top of the head, are to be 

 met with near the ziarats wherever a few- large trees are to be 

 seen. Generally among willow trees, a beautiful rosy-winged 

 Pyrrhda,{ 2 ) of the size of aurantiaca is met with: it is a per- 

 manent .resident (I got nest and eggs of it) ; another smaller 

 Pyrrhula,( 3 ) of reddish brown and less rosy wings, is more 

 common among desert bushes. On the edges of marshy 

 ground we are sure to meet a Pipastes,(*) probably ay His or an 

 Anthus,( 5 ) a new Podoces,^ 6 ) which Biddulph got first from 

 Maralbashi, and an Emberiza^) of spodocephala type. In higher 

 grass Suya albosuperciliaris, anew Troglodytes, (* ) much paler 

 than the European bird, a new Emberizine bird,( 9 ) or either in- 

 termediate between that group and the Ampellides, and a beauti- 

 ful orange-colored bird( ' °) with black moustache (of both of these, 

 last I got full particulars as to nidiflcation). In the middle of 

 November I once got a solitary Melizophihis, (" ) very like M. 

 striatus, of which Blanford, I see, remarks that it does not 

 belong to that genus. Along streams I got a few specimens of 

 Alcedo ispida^" 1 ). During the height of the winter it keeps 

 near streams which do not freeze. 



* Passer salicicola, Vieil., is what lie has labelled as "rutilans type." — Ed. 

 ■j- Buticilla rufogularis, Moore, identical with specimens from Attock and Huzara, 

 where it is common (as also in Afghanistan) in winter. 

 J Emberiza schcenicola, Lin. — Ed. 

 § Palumbeena Eversmanni, Bp. — Ed. 

 || The specimens preserved are L. lahtora, Sykes. — Ed. 

 •jf Myithalus Stoliczkce, Hume., S. F., Vol. II., p. 521.— Ed. 



(1) This is Picus leucopterus, Salvad. — Ed. 



(2) ErytJirospiza obsoleta, Licht. — Ed. , 



(3) Erythrospiza obscura, Licht ? — Ed. 



(4) The specimens preserved are P. plumatus, Mull. — Ed. 



(5) Pratensis, Lin., spinoletta, Lin, and cervinus, Pall, were all preserved. — Ed. 



(6) Podoces Biddulphi, Hume, S. F., Vol. II., p. 503.— Ed. 



(7) Emberiza horhclana, Lin. — Ed. 



(8) Troglodytes paUidus. — Ed. 



(9) Emberiza pyrrhuloides, Pall. — Ed. 



(10) Calamophilus biarmicus, Lin. — Ed. • ' 



(11) Cettia Stoliczkce, Hume.— S. F., Vol. II., p. 520.— Ed. 



(12) The specimens belong rather to A. bengalensis. — Ed. 



