ON THE CIRCULATION OF UNDERGROUND WATERS. 223 



any appreciable extent, and it has not diminislied since the bore-hole was 

 completed. 



7. The ordinary level is not affected by local rains. The summit level 

 to which the water rises is about 5 feet above the surface of the water in 

 the River Worf, a stream which is within a dozen yards of the bore-hole. 



8. The analysis of the water is as under : — 



Grains per gallon 



Total solid matter 18-970 



Albuminoid ammonia 0-000 



Free ammonia ......... 0-000 



Nitrogen, as Nitrates and Nitrites 0-059 



Chlorine 0-980 



Hurtful metallic impurity none 



Transparency good 



Hardness — Temporary 6-46 



„ Permanent 6-69 



„ Total 13-15 



The water does not contain any marked peculiarity. 



9. The section of the rocks passed through is as under : — 



ft. in. It. in. 



Drift nil. 



Upper Mottled Sandstone 461 6 



Pebble Beds :— 



Upper pebble beds ..... 165 6 

 Argillaceous marl rock . . . . 85 



Lower pebble beds 128 



378 6 



Lower Mottled Sandstone (not bottomed) ... 78 9 



918 9 



The Pebble Beds, it will be seen, are here divided into upper and 

 lower beds by a thick bed of argillaceous marl. The lower pebble 

 bed was of so obdurate a character that 2,000 blows with a heavy cutter 

 weighing nearly one ton, and falling 5 feet each stroke, only penetrated 

 one foot through it. 



9a. The principal springs intercepted were in the upper soft red 

 rocks. There is generally a large flow from the springs in the lower 

 soft red rocks, but in this case the artesian force at command at the 

 engine well level was not sufHcient to liberate them to any appreciable 

 extent. The object ia view in opening a communication through the 

 argillaceous marl and conglomerate beds into the lower soft red rocks 

 was to ensure a supply from the last-named beds in the event of the 

 engine well being lowered, a work now being carried out. TZ^'''"''^ 



10 and 11. There is no drift rock over the site of the bore-hole, 



12. There are no large faults in the neighbourhood of the bore-hole. 

 The borehole is situate in the central portion of the downfall trough 

 between the Shropshire and Staffordshire coalfields — the boundary 

 faults of which are respectively eight and nine miles from the bore-hole. 



13. There was a very slight briny ooze, estimated at about 300 gallons 

 a day, from the argillaceous marl beds into the bore-hole. 



14. There are no salt springs in the neighbourhood. 



15. No wells or borings have been discontinued in the neighbourhood 

 in consequence of the water being more or less brackish. 



16. The bore-hole required no casing in it from top to bottom. The 

 bore-hole, which was sunk by rope-boring machinery, supplied by Messrs. 



