604 REPORT— 1882. 



The question, in my opinion, cannot he answered in the present stage of the 

 inquiry, because tlie few fragments of liuman bones discovered along with the 

 implements are too imperfect to aftbrd any clue. Nor can we measure the interval 

 in terms of years wliich separates the River-drift man from the present day, either 

 by assuming that the glacial period was due to astronomical causes, and then pro- 

 ceeding to calculate the time necessary for them to produce their result, or by an 

 appeal to the erosion of vallej's or the retrocession of waterfalls. The interval 

 must, however, have been very great to allow of the changes in geography and 

 climate, and the distribution of animals which has taken place — the succession 

 of races, and the development of civilisation before history began. Standing before 

 the rock-hewn tombs of the kings at Luxor, we may realise the impossibility of 

 lixing the time when the River-drift hunter lived on the site of ancient Thebes, 

 or of measuring the lapse of time between his days and the splendour of the 

 civilisation of Egypt. 



In this inquiry, which is all too long, I fear, for my audience, and all too short, 

 I know, for my subject, I have purposely omitted all reference to the successor of 

 the River-drift man iu Europe — the Cave man, who was in a higher stage of the 

 hunter civilisation. In the course of my remarks you will have seen that the 

 story told by the rudely chipped implements fomid at our very doors in this place, 

 forms a part of the wider story of the first appearance of man, and of his distribu- 

 tion on the earth — a story which is to my mind not unfitting fls an introduction to 

 the work of the Anthropological Section at 'this meeting of the British Association. 



FRIDAY, AUGUST 25. 



The following Reports and Papers were read : — 



1. Report of the Committee for obtaining Fhotocjraplis of the Typical Races 

 ill the British Isles. — See Reports, p. 270. 



2. Report of the Committee on ike Investiijation of Lovghton Camp. — See 



Reports, p. 274:. 



3. Report of the Anthropometric Committee. — See Reports, p. 278. 



4. The Names Britannia and Hihernia, with their Iberian Relations. By 



Hyde Clakke, V.P.A.L 



Continuing his researches of 1871, the author carried them further by showing 

 that the termination Nia signifies land or country, leaving the roots, as RD (RT, 

 LD, LT, DR. DL, TR, TL) and BR (BL, RB, LB). These roots are found in the 

 ancient island names for ' Britannia,' in Brattia, Sardinia, Sardena, Rhodus, Aratus, 

 Maratha, Kreta (Crete), Cytherea, Hydrrea, Therte, Carthea, Andros, Delos, 

 ^Ethalia (Elba), Telos, Petalia, Mytilene (Lesbos'), Thule, 2 Melita; and for 

 ' Hibernia,' Phaura, Pharus, Paros, Ephyrse, Lipara, Imbros, Ilippuris, Kupros 

 (Cyprus), Aperopia, Proni, Peparethus, Pylora, Tiparenus, Sapirene, Kephallenia, 

 Caprese, Ivarpathos. The emblems on the coins of islands, he showed, included the 

 sun, moon, vase, fish, ship (balsa), being round objects. These emblems also occiu* 

 on the coins of cities of corresponding name, as Rhodia, Marathus, &c. The roots 

 RD and BR were applied to round objects, but only secondaril}' to islands, as they 

 are primarily applied to mountains (and in a later stage to rivers as taking their 

 origin in moimtaius). Tables were given of parallel names of mountains, islands, 



