66 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HIST, SOCIETY, Vol. XXVIII. 
My own impression is that itis a good species. It is very much like 
agnicula, Moore, but has hind margin of the hindwing very broadly black, 
enclosing, usually, five very small pale spots—in agnicula these pale spots 
form a band—and the underside is somewhat, especially in the female, 
reminiscent of egea. The fact that with it in various parts of Kashmir 
cognata flies at the same time, and that cognata is pretty obviously a race 
of C. album, tends to support this view. Intergrades to agnicula occur, but 
not to cognata. The position in the Himalayas seems to be that there are 
three species, viz. :— 
1. P. egea undina, Gr. Gr. Chitral, Hunza. 
2. P. C. album cognata, Moore, Thundiani; Kulu; Nandar; Simla; 
Champur. 
3. P. interposita interposita, Stgr. Chitral; Ladakh; Kylang; Kulu; 
Gervais; Pungi Dugi; Goolmerg ; Gurwhal. 
P. interposita agnicula, Moore, (=tibetana Elwes) Nepal; Sikkim ; 
Tibet to Ta-sien-lu and Washan. 
It may be well here to correct an error in Seitz. Macrolep, I. » Pp 208, 
with regard to the Japanese forms :— 
Fentoni i is not a synonym of hamigera. It is the older name for the form 
with the light brown underside ; hamigera being based on a specimen of the 
form with slightly narrower forewings and more melanic upperside, an 
extreme of the form in fact”. 
P. C. album, L. f. hutchisonni, Robson. 
1 9, Karind Gorge, 12th August 1918. 
Genus LIBYTHEA, 
L, celtis, Esp. 
1 9, Karind Gorge, 16th July 1918, taken at small tree ; another seen. 
Underside coloration of hindwing more uniformly grey than in European 
specimens ; more like some Chitral specimens. 
PAPILIONIDA. 
Genus 1—PAPILIO. 
Key. a. Hindwing.—No central dark band ; a post-discal broad 
black band .dusted with blue. Large 
terra-cotta-red and blue tornal spot. 
Ground colour bright yellow. machaon. 
b. Hindwing.—Two black bands traversing hindwing cen- 
trally. Ground colour yellowish white. podalirius. 
P. machaon, L., ssp, centralis, Stgr. 
19 g, 22 9 examined. 
Capt. Riley notes :—‘“ A variable series, but not separable from centralis, 
Stgr. On the whole the specimens are very pale in culour, more especially 
the bred specimens.’ 
Expanse.—3°7 inches. 
machaon in Mesopotamia averages larger than type and than the race from 
Mussoorie in the Western Himalayas, though perhaps not so large as some 
found in Sikkim. 
