68 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HIST, SOCIETY, Vol. XXVIII. 
band ; spherica] in shape, except where attached, and the surface seen under 
the microscope was only slightly rough. On 7th May a spiny black larva, with 
dull white medial patch and black head, hatched probably the previous day 
from one of the same batch of eggs was found on a floret of this plant. Moulted 
10th May, becoming greenish white spotted with black with some lateral orange 
spots and slight spines, which were black except on segments 7 and 8, which 
still remained white. At this stage the larva was much less orange than those 
found at Kizil Robat the previous year. 
On 12th May it again cast its skin becoming greenish white, banded transver- 
sely on each segment with orange and black spots, and with black interseg- 
mental bands. It eventually reached full size being greenish white with trans- 
verse black band and orange spots. Towards the end it fed on the young seeds ; 
on 19th May when wandering to pupate it fell into some water where it was 
found motionless and limp, apparently dead ; but after being placed in the sun 
for about an hour it slowly revived, and pupated on 21st May, becoming a 
pale stone-brown pupa, but it died in this stage. 
A pair were observed in copula on May 31st, one bright yellow, the other 
much paler and slightly smaller; the former was doing the flying. On the 
same date females were seen ovipositing, some on A. majus and others on A. 
visnaga, the two being in flower at the same spot. The egg, nearly round and 
like a shining semi-opaque pale-green bead, was laid at the base of a floret or on 
the leaflet by the side of a floret. The eggs were remarkably easily detached 
accidentally, as on handling the plant. On the same date, May 31st, eggs and 
Jarve in almost all stages were found on both Ammi majus and A. visnaga ; and 
one larva on a spray of Ruta tuberculata growing there and still in flower. 
The larve on the yellow-flowered rue had yellowish-green bands ; the two 
on D. anethifolia had pure white bands as before mentioned and a few found on 
A. majus and A. visnaga on 31st May had very pale, nearly white, bands on 
each segment. 
At Kizii Robat the very young larva was orange brown with a white portion 
medially. In early stages it has spine-like tubercles, which disappear later ; 
and about the third moult the white median portion gives place to the orange- 
spotted black bands on the ground-colour as in other segments. The orange 
spots on these bands are of vivid colour. 
When very small the larve lie along the stems of the pedicels of florets 
when at rest, but at all stages are fairly easily seen. 
Larve were easily reared on sprays of R. tuberculata placed in bottles, the 
sprays and water being renewed twice daily. The escape of a few restless 
larvee about to. pupate warned one to put the larger larvee together on sprays in 
one bottle with an old butterfly net placed over the sprays and larvee and tied 
around the neck of the bottie; then any larve showing signs of diarrhcea or 
wandering could be detected and transferred each to an inverted glass tumbler 
in which a stem had been placed slantways; and on this the larve usually 
readily pupated, at first resting head upwards then turning head down while 
making the tail-pad of silk and again turning head upwards to make the body- 
girdle and to compiete pupation, the larval skin being very rapidly thrown off 
after the moment of the first split in it being made. The pupating larva having 
made its silk pad and girdle, the stem to which it was attached was then removed 
from the tumbler and placed with others around a cork in a bottle to await the 
emergence of the butterfly in from ten to fifteen days time in the warm weather 
of May. 
Pupz varied in colour from grass-green studded with bright yellow tubercles 
of exactly the same shade as the flower-buds of the rue, these mostly producing 
females, to stone colour and some darkly marked brown, males generally emerging 
from these last. 
Of four larve which temporarily escaped, one became a dust-coloured pupa 
en the rope lacing of the tent ; a second turned to a green pupa at the side of 
