154 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HIST, SOCIETY, Vol; XXVIII, 
This woodpecker is found over practically the whole of the hilly portion of 
Garhwal between 5,000’ and 9,000’ elevation and throughout its range it seems 
to be far commoner than G. occipitalis, whichis also found. Its call is loud and 
highpitched, normally consisting of two notes, but occasionally only one and 
sometimes three. 
Dendrocopus auriceps (969).—The Brown-fronted Pied Woodpecker. 
This bird is extremely common throughout Garhwal in almost all forests below 
7,000’ elevation. I discovered an interesting fact in regard to their diet, namely 
that they eat considerable quantities of the seed of the chir pine (Pinus longi- 
folia). Another woodpecker I have observed eating chir seed is Dendrocopus 
himalayensis, and the latter species spends considerable time and energy in 
breaking open the cones some months before they naturally open to let the seed 
escape. ras 
Cyanops asiatica (1012).—The Blue-throated Barbet. 
Very common in the foot hills and low outer valleys as far north as the Nayar 
river. Beyond this I have only observed it along the main valley of the 
Alakhnanda where it occurs as far north as Rudrapryag. 
Coracias indica (1022).—The Indian Roller. 
This bird is seldom seen in the interior of the hills and I was much astonished 
to find it at 4,500’ elevation near Gwaldam in the Pindar valley. This was in 
June and I am unable to say whether these birds are resident here throughout 
the year, but I think it’ improbable. 
Merops viridis (1026).—The Common Indian Bee-eater. 
I have seen this bird in July on the sandy banks of the Alakhnanda river be- 
tween Karnpryag and Nandpryag, and it is found all along the Alakhnanda valley 
up to this point which is over 100 miles from where the river leaves the foothills. 
Halcyon smyrnensis (1044).—The White-breasted Kingfisher. 
This kingfisher penetrates a considerable distance into the hills, namely as 
far as Nagnath and the Pindar valley, and here I have seen it as high as 5,500’ 
elevation. 
Cypselus pacificus (1071).—The Large White-rumped Swift. 
Blanford does not include any point west of Assam within the distribution 
of this species. On 21st’ May 1913 I shot several specimens in Garhwal and one 
of the skins was kindly identified for me at the British Museum. When I shot 
them they were apparently on migration, as for three days in succession they 
were observed between 5 and 7 p.m., to pass northwards over a pass at 8,000’ in 
upper Garhwal called Lohajang. They kept flying over in small parties of 3 or 
4 birds at a time, and always in exactly the same direction. An examination of 
their crops revealed the remains of winged termites. 
Caprimuigus monticola (1090).—Franklin’s Nightjar. 
This nightjar frequents scrubby forest along the outer ranges at elevations up 
to 4,000’ and possibly higher, and here it occurs in large numbers during the 
breeding season. It seems to have a special predilection for the broad dry stony 
stream beds which are a marked feature of the outer hills. Its call during the 
breeding season is a loud piercing “ tweet ” uttered both when the bird is on the 
ground and when flying. I never heard this species make any call resembling 
that of C. asiaticus as stated by Blanford. As far as I have observed neither 
this species or C. macrurus penetrate far into the hills ; probably not beyond the . 
limits of sal forest, or the Nayar valley, which are approximately coincident. 
Caprimulgus indicus (1095).—The Jungle Nightjar. 
This nightjar is very abundant in the low outer hills during the breeding sea- 
son. At this time the call of the male is a single note repeated very fast 4 or 5 
up. to about 15 times together, followed by an interval. The note is similar in 
character to that of C. macrurus and may be likened to the noise produced by 
striking wood with a hammer, the call note of C. macrurus is however repeated 
very much slower. The jungle nightjar has also another note, not heard 
