BUTTERFLIES OF MESOPOTAMIA. 367 
at Karind Gorge (6,000 ft.) in very fresh condition on 13th July, the fruit 
on the tree being then not yet ripe. One taken 7th August at Paitak 
2,500 ft. and another at flowering mint on 19th August at Harir 5,300 ft. 
Genus STRYMON. 
S. abdominalis, Gerhardi, f. gerhard, Staud. Seitz, Vol. 1, 73 c. 
see plate Figs. 3 4. 
3 2, 13-17th July 1918 (now in B. M.) Karind Gorge, 6,000 ft. 
Capt. Riley notes :—* S. abdominalis, Gerh, is usually regarded as a form of 
S. acacie, Fab. The two forms occur together over a wide range, extending 
from Asia Minor to Persia, and throughout are easily separable, the most 
conspicuous difference being afforded by the dark spots at anal angle of 
forewing underside. These are invariably absent in acacie and just as inva- 
riably present in abdominalis. 
One specimen taken flying about a small tree about 8 feet from the ground, 
another near the ground, at the border of a wood.”’ 
S, ificis caudatula, Zell. Seitz, Vol. 1°736. 
1 Q, Karind Gorge, 14th July 1918. 
Not previously recorded from Persia, the nearest record being Lenkoran 
(S. E. Transcaucasus). 
S. marcidus, Riley. A.& M.N. H., Vol. 8., p. 600, See plate Fig. 20, 
1 Q, Harir 15 July 1918, 5,300 ft. type. 
1 Q, Karind Gorge 16th July 1918, 6,000 ft. co-type. Both now in B. M. 
Capt. N. D. Riley’s description is as follows :— 
Q Upperside, both wings.—Dark brown, immaculate, a fine anticiliary line 
xuore conspicuous on the hindwings, fringes whitish, especially on hindwings. 
Hindwing.—Anal lobe yellowish, and some yellowish scaling close to margin 
in areas 1b and 2. 
Underside, both wings.—Pale yellowish grey, fringes of same colour, preceded 
by a very fine darker marginal line which is separated from a very indistinct 
submarginal shadowy dusky band by only a narrow white line. 
Forewing.—A band of white linear spots runs from costa to vein 1, the 
spots being limited by the veins and inwardly margined with black, the band 
following almost exactly the curve of the hindmargin. The lowest spot (in 
area 1b) is characteristic, being crescentic, the concave side facing outward, 
and as fully developed as the other spots in the series. 
Hindwing.—The transverse white band is similar to that of forewing but 
slightly broader and less interrupted, follows almost exactly the curve of 
the hindmargin, and in areas Ic, 2 and 3 is composed of V shaped spots the 
apex directed inwardly. There is a submarginal series of spots, of which that 
in area 2 is large and black, inwardly bordered with yellow, black then white ; 
those in areas 3, 4 and 5 small black, ringed with paler, diminishing in size 
so that the one in area 5 is barely traceable. Anal lobe black with some 
whitish and yellowish scaling above it, which merges into the last spot 
of the transverse white band. Between anal lobe and large spot in area 
2 black and bluish grey scaling (the exact nature of this area cannot definitely 
be stated, as the bulk of it is in both specimens completely missing) 
Length of forewing, 16 mm. B. M. Type, No. Rh. 187. 
Comes near S. abdominalis, put the different contour of the transverse band 
of underside and the absence of the dark marks at anal angle of forewing 
beneath readily separate it from that. 
