ON THE CIRCULATION OF UNDERGROUND WATERS. 295 



Bronivylfa Garden, St. Asaph. 

 Surface well, in red sand. 



Deep Well at Ila/od-y-G'reen, Tref7iant. 

 About 90 feet deep. 



Analysis made hi/ Dr. Campbell Browne, December 15, 1877. 



Parts per 100,000. 



Total solids 1480 (including Fe and sulphates) 



Ammonia ...... '004 



Ammonia from organic matter by 1 „g„ 



alkaline distillation . . J 



Nitrogen, as nitrates and nitrites . '46 



Combined chlorine .... 27'5 = 45'32 grains of common salt 



Total hardness 46-0 



This water contains a little organic matter and the remains of oxidised 

 animal matter of some kind ; but the quantity is not large, and probably 

 the water might be easily kept sufficiently pure so far as these constituents 

 are concerned. It contains a very excessive proportion of common salt, 

 and a considerable proportion of chloride of calcium and sulphate of 

 calcium and other phosphates. If this can be accounted for by the 

 infiltration of sea water through the sand, or by the occurrence of salt 

 deposit in the rock, the saltness may be considered not to affect the 

 wholesomeness of the water ; if the saltness cannot be accounted for in 

 this way the water must be considered a suspicious one. 



Shropshire. 

 Collected by Mr. Thos. A. Stooke, (?..£'. 



1. At the Shropshire and Montgomery Counties Lunatic As^ylum, Bicton, near 

 Shrewsbury. la. In 18'Jl and 1892. 2. 267 feet above Ordnance Datum. 

 3. Depth of well 117 feet, diameter 6 feet. Depth of bore-hole 190 feet, diameter 

 8 inches. 3a. 107| feet to the top of Storage Heading; length, 31 feet ; contents, 

 11,400 gallons. 4. Water stands about 10.5^ feet below the surface before pumping, 

 and is lowered about 2 feet when the usual day's supply is pumped. The ordinary 

 water level is restored in about three hours. 4«. 1 CO feet was the point of water 

 level in the well ; but when the bore-hole was put down the level was raised nearly 

 I foot in the well, to which point it barely rises now. 5. In May 1893 the 

 duplicate engines and pumps were worked together, pumping off 7,200 galltms 

 2)cr lunir, at the rate of 172,800 gallons in the twentj'-four hours, with the following 

 results, the valve controlling the supply from bore-hole being fully open, viz.— 



Ft. in. 



With 4 hours' pumping the depth of water was 4 9 



» 6 „ „ „ 4 3 



„ !» ., ,. „ 4 



.. 10 „ ,, „ 4 



No further reduction in the water level was made. The average quantity pumped is 

 iibout 45,000 gallons daily. 6. Only as before referred to Query 4a. 7. Not affected 

 by rainfall. The water stands about 5 feet above the summer flow of the River 

 Severn. 8. Analysis by Mr. Blunt, Public Analyst for Shropshire : — 



