388 REPORT— 1894. 



Service Examinations it is an optional but not an important subject. 

 Elementary Political Economy is one of the optional subjects in the 

 examination for chartered accountants, and is obligatory on candidates 

 for the voluntary examination recently instituted by the Institute of 

 Bankers. 



At the universities it receives an insufficient recognition in the degree 

 courses, but as its position varies a great deal a brief summary of the 

 usages of the various universities with regard to it may be given. 

 Degrees are granted in England by the five Universities of Oxford, Cam- 

 bridge, Durham, London, and Victoria ; in Scotland by the Universities 

 of Edinburgh, Glasgow, Aberdeen, and St. Andrews ; in Ireland by 

 Trinity College and the Royal University of Ireland. 



ENGLAND. 



At Oxford it is an optional subject, which may be taken up as one of 

 the three selected subjects for the pass B.A. degree. As studied for this 

 examination it is mainly elementary and largely theoretical, many of the 

 questions relating to certain prescribed portions of the works of Adam Smith 

 and Walker. To pass this examination, for which the yearly number 

 of candidates presents an average of two hundred, demands common - 

 sense and a fair general acquaintance with leading economic topics. 

 A paper on Economics is included among those set in the Honour School 

 of Modern History. 



At Cambridge the position occupied by Economics in the university 

 curricula is far more satisfactory. In some shape or other it forms part 

 of three degree examinations. All candidates for the ordinaiy pass B.A., 

 after passing the general examination, have to take up a special subject 

 for their concluding study. Of these, sixteen in all, there ai'e seven Arts 

 special subjects, one of which is Economics. The special examination in 

 Economics (Political Economy) consists of two 2:)arts, which may be taken 

 at separate times : — 



Part I.^ — Three papers. 



Two in General Economic Theory. 

 One in Economic History. 



Part II. — Three papers. 



Two in Taxation and Economic Functions of Government, with 



History of Trade and Finance, 1760-1860. 

 One in General Theory of Law and Government. 



In the Moral Science Tripos (Honour B.A.) there are six obliga- 

 tory papers, two being assigned to Political Economy, while in addition 

 advanced Political Economy ranks as one of the specified subjects, two 

 of which must be passed in by a candidate desirous of being classed. 

 Lastly, in the Historical Tripos (Honour B.A.), one paper is in Economic 

 History, the paper on general History of England also being supposed 

 to require some economic knowledge. Further, candidates who desire it 

 may take Political Economy and Theory of Government with International 

 Law as an alternative to the study of a second special subject. Of these 

 three examinations, those which seem most satisfactory, so far as Econo- 

 mics is concerned, are the special for the pass B.A., which embraces 

 at once the four important branches of administrative, theoretical, his- 



