ON THE EROSION OF THE SEA-COASTS OF ENGLAND AND WALES. 367 



6 inches across and many yards in length and depth. When the rain 

 falls it finds its way into these, and softens the clay at the bottom. If 

 the crack is near the cliff, the half-detached mass being now heavier, 

 owing to the addition of the water, while the cohesion of the attached 

 portion is lessened, slips down to the shore below, sometimes almost un- 

 broken, sometimes breaking off by parallel cracks into a series of terraces, 

 or even in part creeping down among the fallen stiffer masses as a glacier- 

 like mud flow. Fine examples of slickenside are seen behind the slips. 

 The sea washes this debris away from the base of the cliff, and the process 

 is repeated.' 



5. — Art, Account of Dunivich in 1-589.^ Bi/ Radulph Agas. 



' The Toune of Dunivich, a Coaste Toune, neare the Midle of the Sheire, 

 is scituate upon a Cliffe fortie Foot hie, or there about ; bounded on the 

 Easte with the Otian Sea ; on the Weaste with the Toune of Westleton, 

 and is girt on the Weaste and South, neare to the bodie of the Toune, 

 with an Auntient Bancke, whereof Parte is now builte with the Wall of 

 the Graieffriers ; the North and Soiithe ends are environed with diverse 

 Marishes, Shredds, and divided with Fleetes, Crickes, and Diches ; the 

 Auntient Haven there was somtime at the North Ende of the Toune, 

 where standeth now their Keie, which Haven was utterlie choaked upp, 

 with a North-Easte Winde, the foretene Dale of Januarie, Anno 1 

 Edward III. notwithstanding if it were recovered woulde not onlie pre- 

 serve the Toune from Danger of the Sea; but bie Helpe of a Since weaste- 

 ward, woulde be soe mainetained the same as might likelie bringe the same 

 Toune neare to her former estate and condition. At the Losse of this 

 Haven, another was opened verie neare the Place, where Dunivich Men 

 have, now in a shorte time, bie Helpe of Nature, prepared a Passage as 

 by ancient Inquisit, and other evidence maie plainelie appeare, videlez, fere 

 duas leucas ab antiquo Portu : That this Haven hath been offtentimes 

 chaunged ; for the whole Raunge of Shingle assureth it in noe Place 

 certaine, causing it to runne Southward bie trussing, and choakinge the 

 same with Beach, appeareth bie sondrie evidence, videlez. that the Men 

 of Bliborougli, Walbersivick, and Southivold, shall paie duelye to Dunivich 

 men their Toules and customes, ubicunq, portus ille mutari contigerit. 

 That as novi portus ac filum aquse ejusdem shall be the Boundes betwene 

 the Toune of Dunivich, and the Lordship of BJiborough, ubicunq, dictum 

 novum portum in futurum divertivel mutari per jactum sabuli vel aliunde 

 contigerit ; as also bie the view of the Place itselfe. Notwithstandinge 

 were it now runneth these have bie good happe lighted on an owse Banke, 

 at the South Side of the Haven, which causeth the back Water to turne 

 of the Beache, and to lie straight againe the Mouthe, as hath happened 

 divers times since the same was opened first. And although the North 

 Easte Windes have been, since the same was opened, most violent and 

 extreme, as also the 10, 11, 12, and 13 of this present Moneth, yet the 

 verie nexte Dale affter, being the fourteenth Dale, divers loaden crayers 

 went readilie out of the same. And whereas there are now to Flattes, on 

 the North Side of this Haven, which the Walbersivick and Southivold Men 



' Quoted from ' An Historical Account of Dunwch, anciently a City, now a 

 borough; Blithburgh, formerly a Town of note, now a Village; Southwold, once a 

 Village, now a Town-corporate; with Remarks on some Places contiguous thereto.' 

 By Thomas Gardner : London, 1751 (British Museum piessmark 189 a 11). 



