386 



REPORT — 1895. 



be least able to withstand the onslaught— the rate of recession here, taking the same 

 period, would average 8 or 9 yards — more or less. The height of the clay cliff would 

 be about 100 feet, with an average width from top to bottom of 60 yards. The 

 height of the shale cliff would be from 150 to 200 feet, with an average width from 

 top to bottom of 30 yards, although they are in many cases nearly perpendicular. 

 The chalk cliffs of Flamborougli appear to stand the influence of the sea best; the 

 average recession there, I should say, would not be more than 2 or I] yards during the 

 same period. When there are large beds of boulders at the foot of the cliff, and the 

 cliffs themselves are destitute of .«prings, there is scarce!}'' any difference between the 

 line as now surveyed at foot of cliff and that surveyed foity ^-ears ago. I know of 

 no data for determining the rate except the 6-iuch Ordnance Survey made about 

 forty years ago. 



15. — The loss is not confined to areas bare of shingle ; the amount taken is retrieved 

 by the amount made by falls of cliff. Tliere are no groynes for the arresting of shingle. 



16. — There is no area regained on this line of coast. 



17. — There are no dunes in th!s district. I have heard they exist at Redcar, but 

 have no personal knowledge of them. 



18. — I have been unable to obtain any information in this respect. I recollect 

 reading at Bridlington, in a local history or newspaper, the effect of the sea on that 

 line of coast, and I think it probable .some information might be obtained there. 



19.— I have no remarks bearing on the subject that are not covered bj^ the 

 foregoing replies. 



To Captain W. Rmnell, R.E. 



Ordnance Survey, Whitby, June^lS, 1892. 

 Sir, — I beg to state that the attached report is made from my own memory and 

 knowledge, and from what I have heard. I have been unable to obtain any informa- 

 tion from any book, newspaper, or report beyond a geological map which I saw in 

 Scarborough Museum when there during the week, so that I cannot verify my state- 

 ments, but I believe they are as nearly accurate as it is possible to get in a statement 

 of this sort. 



(Signed) S. Ckook. 



List of Differcncrs hefmer.ii Pi-inch Scale Blaps and ~-, S'ale Revised Plans, showinff 

 lioiv far the Bdnkor CUff lias hrolfn an'aij isincc the G-inch Scale Surrey, at the 

 jwints indicated, meaxnred from the (i-iiwh Map. 



Erosion of Coast of Lancashire since e-incli Survey, July S3, 1892. 

 JReport by Captain A. D. Meeres, R.E. 



I have to report that the greatest encroachment of the sea on the Lancashire 

 coast between the Duddon and Ribble estuaries has taken place : 



1. On the S.W. coast of VValney Island, where in one place (55^, plan "^) the coast 

 line has receded nearly half way across a narrow part of the island. 



