ON THE NORTH-WESTERN TRIBES OF CANADA. 555 



28. E-na-ltU, M., five. 



29. Hite-na-ke, M., six. 



30. ]Ve:i/iote, M., seven, 



31. X-jme, M., eight. 



32. Sas, M., nine. 



33. Ti-li-tsa-iii, M., give me the spoon, or bring me the spoon. 



34. A-nhote, M., give it to me. 

 Etl-tcot, T., I may give you. 



35. Pin-a-U-rl-i-itz, D., look out I or take care. 



36. A'rve qe, T., come here, child ! 



37. Aphi tleqi i en qdln, T., exact meaning unknown, but used like the swearing 



of the whites. 



38. TastHezu'li, a place-name. 



39. Tizzi'la, a place-name. 



These words show that the dialect was much more closely related to 

 the Tinneh languages of British Columbia than to those farther south, 

 although it would seem to have differed from the former also considerably. 

 A comparison of vocabularies, which shows the relationships of these 

 dialects, will be found in the linguistic part of this report. 



III. The Tinneh Tribe op the Portland Inlet, the Ts'ets'a'ut. 



On my second journey to British Columbia I made an effort to find 

 members of a tribe that was reported as living on Portland Inlet, and as 

 being slaves of ' Chief Mountain,' the chief of a Nisk-a' clan. I received 

 reports of this tribe from Mr. Duncan, and some additional data were 

 learned from the Tsimshian. On my last trip I visited the village 

 Kinkolith, at the mouth of Nass River, whither the tribe was said to resort 

 at certain seasons of the year. There I found a boy named Jonathan 

 and one young man named Timothy ; later on, after a prolonged seai-ch, 

 I found an elderly man, Levi. From these three men the follow- 

 ing information was obtained. Levi was the only one who spoke the 

 language well, while the two young men used almost exclusively the 

 Nisk'a' in their conversations. All the ethnological and historical data 

 were given by Levi. The language proved, as I anticipated, to be a Tinneh 

 dialect. The tribe is called by the Nisk-a' and by the Tsimshian, 

 Ts'Ets'a'ut — those of the interior. By this name are designated all the 

 Tinneh tribes of the interior. It does not refer to any one tribe exclu- 

 sively, and corresponds to the Tlingit name Gunana'. The number of 

 members of the tribe is reduced at present to about twelve, and only two 

 of these continue to speak their own language correctly. The native 

 name of the tribe is forgotten, and we must therefore continue to desig- 

 nate them as Ts'Ets'a'ut. According to tlie testimony of the Nisk-a' and 

 of the Ts'Ets'a'ut, the latter form a tribe different from the Laq'uyi'p (= on 

 the prairie), who have their principal villages on the head waters of the 

 Stikeen River. They are called Naqkyina (on the other side) by the 

 Ts'Ets'a'ut. Their town is called Gunaqa'. Levi named three closely 

 related tribes whose languages are different though mutually intelligible : 

 the Tahltan (Ta'tltan), of Stikeen and Iskoot Rivers ; the Laq'uyi'p, or 

 Naqkyina, of the head waters of the Stikeen ; and the Ts'Ets'a'ut. The 

 home of the last-named tribe extended from a little north of Tcu'naq 

 (Chunah) River, in the extreme north-eastern corner of Behm Channel, 

 eastward to Observatory Inlet, northward to the watershed of Iskoot 

 River. About sixty years ago this tribe numbered about five hundred 

 souls, but they were exterminated by continued attacks of the Sa'nak-oan, 



