TEANSACTIONS OF SECTION C. 677 



the existence over a great part of the area of the Nodule bed, Avhich is full of 

 derivative fossils ; and the fact that many of the shells supposed to be extraneous — 

 as, for example, Cassidfiria bicatenata, Troplwn alveolatus, Cams Saburon, Tiochus 

 Adansoni, liinf/iculu buccinea, Cardifa chamrrformis, C. orbicularis, C. scalaris, 

 Astarte Bnsterotii, A. Burtinii, A. Omalii, L'yprina riistica, Gastrana laminosa, 

 Panopcea Faiijasii, and others, are characteristic Coralline Crag species, and either 

 southern or extinct fornrs, which seem out of place in a fauna as boreal as that of 

 the Red Crag. 



On the other hand, M. E. van den Uroeck, of Brui-sels, publislied in 1893 lists of 

 fossils recently discovered in the Scaldisien and Poederlien beds of Antwerp 

 (Zones ';\ Trnplwn antiQuinn,' and 'a. Corbida striata^), from which it appears 

 that the species ju-t named, and a number of other forms suppo-i' I to be derivative 

 in the Red Crag, lived on to a period considerably later than tiinr of the Coralline 

 Crag, in the eiistern part of the Anglo- Belgian basin. The fauna of the Scaldisien 

 beds closely resembles that of the Walton Crag, while the Poederlien strata seem 

 to be more nearly related lo the Sutton zone of the Red Crag. Neither of ihese 

 Belgian horizons contains the purely Arctic shells, Cardium [jrcenlandicum, Leda 

 lanceolata, and Tellina lata, or the Arctic and boreal species, Hcalaria grcenlandica, 

 Natica granlandica,ixnA. Nntica clausa, wluch give its peculiarly iiorthern character 

 to the Butley Crag, so that it would seem that they are somewhat older than that 

 deposit. Fifty out of Mr. Wood's list of 118 species, and 23 out of 40 regarded by 

 Professor Prestwich as extraneous, occur in these horizons of the Belgian Crag. If 

 these shells were living during the deposition of the Sutton bed, it seems more 

 probable that a few individuals may have survived until the period of the Butley 

 Crag than that they are derivative at that horizon. 



Some of the Red Crag shells, however, are no doubt extraneous. Five are 

 Eocene forms, which are not found in the Coralline Crag ; and there are 31 others 

 which have been discovered only at Waldringfield or in the Nodule bed at Sutton, 

 and neither in the Belgian nor the Coralline Crag, many of them being new to 

 science, and most of them repre-'ented by unique specimens only. 



Although a great number of fossils, such as sharks' teeth, from Eocene strata 

 are found in the Red Crag, very few specimens of Eocene MoUusca occur in it ; 

 and it seems still less likely that shells from the Coralline Crag, which are very 

 much more fragile, could have been preserved, except as rare exceptions, during 

 the denudation of that deposit by the Red Crag sea. 



3. Oil the Stratigraphy/ of the Crag, with especial reference to the Distri- 

 bution of the Foraminifera. By H. W. BuRROwa. 



INfaterials collected by the aiirhor dining the past eight years, and some supplied 

 by Professor Prestwich, have been examintd by Messrs. H. W. Burrows, R. 

 Holland, and F. Chapman ; and contributions by Mr. F. "\V. Millett have also 

 aided in the completion of Part II. of the ' Monograph of the FiiraminiCera of the 

 Crag ' (Palfeontographical Society). I. From the Newer Pliocene Formation — or 

 Upper Crag— including the Norwich Crag and associated beds of Southwold, 

 Thorpe, Bramerton, and Chillesford : there are altogether '!'>) species of common 

 North Atlantic Foraminifera. 11. In the Red Crag 20 species are known. III. 

 The St. Erth beds of Cornwall, formerly noted by S. Y. Wood, Jun , and R. G. 

 Bell, and more recently by P. F. Kendall and C .Reid, are regarded as equivalent to 

 a part of the Older Pliocene (Lower or Coralline Crag). The Foraminifera have 

 been worked out by F. W. Millett, and amount to 163, of which 7G are met with ir. 

 the Coralline Crag. IV. Professor Prestwich (1871) and INfessrs. S. V. Wood, 

 Jun., and F. W. Harmer (1872) divided the Coralline Crag into two main 

 divisions. These were subdivided bj' Prestwich into eight zones (' A ' to' « '), about 

 83 feet altogether; and by Wood and Ilarmer into three groups, with an estimated 

 thickness of CO feet. 



The author then ga'-e notes on several of the localities whore exposures of 

 these beds have been, or can still be seen ; namely, beginning with the lowest 



