684 REPORT— 1895. 



of moraine running down towards Llyn Llydaw, but living rock soon makes its 

 appearance in this in such a way as to show that if there is any old channel in this 

 direction it must be exceedingly narrow and tortuous. Thus, if this lake is not 

 contained in a true rock basin, it must be very shallow or else must have found 

 exit by a gorge quite as narrow as those found at the end of some of the Swiss 

 glaciers. 



Immense quantities of moraine material occur on the south-east side of Llyn 

 Llydaw, but a careful examination of tlie map and the ground shows that only 

 two possible outlets exist — that now used for this purpose, and a second which is 

 occupied by bog resting on moraine, and gives rise to a small stream which is joined 

 lower down by the outlet of Llyn Teyrn. The moraine is, however, only a thin 

 skin on the surface of rock. The present outlet shows live rock forty or fifty feet 

 below the level of the lake, and the second possible exit at a rather less distance 

 below the same level. If the moraine were stripped off, there is little doubt that 

 this lake, like Glaslyn, would show a basin of rock which would hold water, unless 

 it is very much shallower than is generally supposed to be the case. 



7. Interim Report on the High-level Shell-hearing Deposits of Clava, &c. 



8. Interim Report on the Calf Hole Cave Exjyloration. 



Report on the High-level Flint Drift of the Chalk. 

 See Reports, p. 349. 



10. Report on the Rate of Erosion of Sea Coasts. 

 See Reports, p. 352. 



11. Final Report on Underground Waters. — See Reports, p. 393. 



12. On Modern Glacial Strice. 

 By Percy F. Kendall, F.O.S., and 3. Lomas, A.R.C.Sc. 



The authors have spent several weeks during the present summer among the 

 glaciers of the Nicolaithal and the Val Tournanche, and have paid especial 

 attention to the form and distribution of glacial strise. The present communication 

 deals with four principal sets of phenomena. 



1. The Crossinrj of Two or tiiore Sets of Strice. — In the discussion of the 

 glacial geology of Britain and other countries writers have ascribed the formation 

 of two superposed sets of strine on one surface either to the action of floating ice 

 or to a diftereut period of glaciation. The authors have found that the phenomenon 

 is of quite general occurrence, especially on the 'steeply inclined ' weather '-sides 

 of roc/tes moutonnees. They have observed an angular divergence of 89°. 



2. The Forms of Strice as a Means of determining the Direction of Ice- 

 movement. — It is often impossible to decide a priori whether a particular scratch 

 or set of scratches was produced by ice moving, say, from south to north, or from 

 north to south. The late Professor Carvill Lewis thought that .striae having a 

 broad and a narrow end would furnish reliable criteria, but the authors, after 

 careful examination of a large number, are unable to regard such characters as 

 possessing the required degree of constancy. 



