696 REPORT— 1895. 



tlie same number of stipes, but otherwise only distantly related, if they are 

 imagined to be the result of the variation of a number of different ancestral types 

 along similar lines. Thej' allude to similar phenomena which have been shown to 

 exist amongst other organisms ; thus Mojsisovics has described analogous eases 

 amongst the Ammonites, and Buckman (under the name of heterogenetic homoeo- 

 morphy) amongst the brachiopods, though in this instance the cases of ' species ' 

 and not of 'genera' are considered. 



Following the above inferences to their legitimate conclusion, the authors point 

 out how ' genera ' like Uiplograptus and Monogroptns may contain representatives 

 of more than one ' family ' of graptolites, according to the classification now in 

 vogue, which would account for the great diversity in the characters of the mono- 

 gi'aptid hydrothecse. 



In conclusion, the authors offer a few theoretical observations upon a possible 

 reason for the changes which they have discussed in the paper. 



7. Zonal Divisions of the Carboniferous System. 

 By E. J. Garwood, 3f.A., F.G.S., and J. E. Makr, M.A., F.RS. 



The authors call attention to previous attempts which have been made to 

 divide the Carboniferous rocks into zones, noting the zonal divisions of the Lower 

 (Carboniferous rocks of North England, established by De Koninck and Lohest, and 

 the view expressed by Waagen that fuller work will enable geologists to define a 

 series of zones in the Carboniferous as in older and newer strata. 



The detailed work of one of the authors (Mr. Garwood) leads them to suppose 

 that the following zones occur in the Lower ('arboniferous beds of the northern 

 part of the Pennine Chain and adjoining regions : — 



Zone of Productus cf. edelburgensis, 

 „ P. latissimus. 

 „ P. giganteus. 

 „ Chonetes papilionacea. 

 „ Spirifera octoplicata. 



Mr. Garwood has traced the zone of Productus latissimus, occupying ttie same 

 relative position to that of P. (jiganteus, from Settle, in Yorkshire, to the North- 

 umbrian coast, near Howick Burn. 



The authors believe that brachiopods and goniatites will furnish good results, 

 if a detailed study of their distribution is made; and they suf^gest that a Committee 

 be appointed to inquire into the possibility of dividing the Carboniferous rocks into 

 zones, to call the attention of local observers to the desirability of collecting fossils 

 with this view, and, if possible, to retain the services of eminent specialists, to 

 whom these fossils may be submitted. 



8. Tuoelftli Report on Palceozoic PJtyllopoda. — See Reports, p. ilG. 



9. Interim Report on the Eunjpterid-bearing Deposits of' the Pentland 



Hills. 



10. On some Decapod Crustacea from the Cretaceous Formation of 

 Vancouver's Island, &c. By Henry Woodward, F.R.S. 



Through the kindness of Mr. J. F. Whiteaves, F.G.S., Pab-contologist to the 

 Geological Survey of Canada, I have lately received a series of Crustacea from 

 Vancouver Island and Queen Charlotte Island, and as they offer a close affinity 

 with forms from our Gault and Greensand, they seem deserving of special notice. 



