758 REPORT — 1895. 



valleys below 5,000 feet one finds species of the Victoria regions, and above that 

 level plants of Abyssinian affinit_y or belonging to the Ankole-Karagwe hills. 



Besides all these sources, there are on this mountain many endemic forms. 



The different races of mankind show a curious analogy to the flora. 



Tlie Wahima, which form the nobility of all the eastern side, are a very late 

 immigration from Abyssinia. 



On the western side the Wawamba are certainly very closely related to the 

 Wanyuema tribes of the Upper Congo ; while the Wakondja, in the centre of the 

 mountain, which are part of the Bantu group (at least, so far as I could tell ; I am 

 not at all sure that they are not diflereut), correspond to the plants of the Ankole 

 and Karagwe hills. 



The Wahima {e.g. such high cliiefs as Kasagama and Makwenda, and the much 

 less mixed villages at Kakaruka and Buhimba) are very distinct from the others. 

 They have broad, prominent foreheads, small lips, and quite small and occasionally 

 retreating chins. They are tall and slender in build, and amongst them may be 

 seen occasionally individuals who have a very Semitic appearance. This race, 

 coming from Abyssinia, seems to have overcome, and now furnishes the nobility of, 

 all those tribes which border the Victoria. In the course of my journey 1 first 

 met them in Kavirondo, and reached their westward limit on the borders of the 

 Wawamba. Makowalli's people and all the tribes south of Latoma on the western 

 side of the Kagera are not, I think, Wahima, and I do not fancy they ever crossed 

 the Kagera below that point. In a southward direction I think they stop at 

 Buhimba and Kakaruka ; but beyond these places I did not go and cannot speak 

 from personal experience. They are easily distinguished from the Bantu races by 

 their extreme intelligence and dispositio]]. They are treacherous, rather sulky, 

 and also extremel)' licentious. 



The "N^'akondja, who have been conquered by them, are greatly oppressed. I 

 found them a simple, good-natured and industrious people of tlie regular negro 

 type. 



The Wawamba in manner, language, and custom, show distinct Wanyuema 

 affinities. They are different physically i'rom both the preceding races, but I found 

 them so timid and suspicious that I was quite unable to obtain any exact measure- 

 ments or learn the language. Unless the Wakondja contain amongst themselves 

 remnants of a far more primitive race (and I should not be surprised to learn that 

 this was the case), I do not believe there is an aboriginal people on Ruwenzori. 

 The distinction I have drawn of three races on the mountain will, however, be 

 found very marked. 



During the four months which I .spent on Ruwenzori I suffered greatly from 

 fever ; but I was able nevertheless to visit pretty thoroughly the Msonje, Yeria, 

 Wimi, Mubuku, Sebwe and Nyamwamba valleys on the east, and the Butagu on 

 the we.st. There are two important rivers on the south whose valleys I had not 

 time to visit, and on the east the Muhokia and Hima were not investigated. I 

 constantly attempted to reach the snow, but I never ascended higher than over 

 13,000 feet, which was in the Nyamwamba. I also nearly reached 13,000 feet on the 

 Butagu. I did reach the summit of the range near the sources of the Yeria river 

 on two occasions, but it was only about 11,000 feet at these places. 



On my return journey I crossed to Kwa Kaihura and thence through Mpororo, 

 Karagwe, Bugufu, Urundi to Tanganyilca. 



2. Report on the Climate of Tropical Africa. — See Reports, p. 480. 



3. Three Years' Travelling and War in the Congo Free State. 

 By Captain S. L. Hinde, 



In 1891 Captain S. L. Hinde landed at Boma, and went up the caravan road to 

 Stanley Pool. After four months' residence in the neighbourhood of the Pool, part 

 of •which was spent in exploring, he went up to the district of the Lualaba, and 



