580 REPORT—-1 896. 
When there is an eclipse of the sun a man, named Ba'wulé, is required 
to sing :— 
Hok-oai’, hok-oai’, hok-valai’, a’tlas lalaq ts’a’ya laqsgya Bawule’— 
Vomit it, vomit it, vomit it, else you will be the younger brother 
of Bawulé’. 
In order to gain the love of a girl the following philter is used : The 
tongues and gizzards of a raven and of a woodpecker are placed in a 
hollow stick, together with some saliva. They are mixed with the latter ; 
the tube is closed and worn under the blanket. The underlying idea was 
explained to me thus: The woodpecker and the raven are pretty birds ; 
therefore the girl will consider the man who wears them just as pretty and 
attractive. . 
The tongue of a snake or of a frog is also used as a philter. They are 
believed to make the wearer irresistible to everybody. 
Another philter is as follows: The man wears a snake skin on his 
body for some time. About the month of August he gathers a root 
called ¢/’e’tayas, which resembles in shape two people embracing each 
other. He procures four hairs of the girl whom he loves, which, together 
with four hairs of his own, he places. between the two portions of the root 
which resemble the two people. The root is tied up with sinews taken 
from a corpse, and wrapped in the snake-skin which the man has been 
wearing. For four days after, the man must not look at the girl. Then 
she will call him, but he must not follow her. Finally she will come to him. 
In order to bewitch a person it is necessary to obtain some of his soiled 
clothing, hair, or blood. I described some methods of witchcraft in the 
Sixth Report (p. 612). The following method is also used : The clothing 
of the enemy is placed in the mouth of a lizard, the head of which has 
been cut off. Then a snake’s head is pulled over the lizard’s head, so that 
the latter is in the mouth of the snake. The whole is placed in the 
mouth of a frog, which is then sewn up. This bundle is tied as tightly as 
possible with the sinews of a corpse, and placed inside a stick which has 
been hollowed out, and is then tied up again with the sinews of a corpse. 
The whole is then covered with gum. This package is placed on the top 
of a hemlock-tree which is growing at a windy place. In winter this 
method of witchcraft does not do much harm, but as soon as it grows 
warm the victim must die. 
If a person is believed to be bewitched (é’k-a) his body is rubbed with 
white cedar bark, which is then divided into four parts, and buried in 
front of four houses, so that the people when entering or leaving the house 
must step over it. This will break the spell. 
If the children of a couple always die while very young, the little 
finger of the last child to die is wound with a string. A notch is cut in 
the upper rim of the burial box, in which the finger is placed. Then the 
cover is put on, and the finger is cut off. It is hidden in the woods that 
nobody may find it. The body of the child is placed on a new tree, not 
on the tree on which other children are put. 
IJ. Toe Houses oF tHe TsiMsHIAN AND NisxK:a! 
The houses of the Tsimshian and of the Niska’ are square wooden 
structures, like those of the Haida and Kwakiutl, but they differ some- 
what in the details of construction. While the house of the Haida (see 
