TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION D. 831 
6. On the Life-history of the Tiger Beetle (Cicindela campestris). 
By ¥. Enocx. 
7. The Hatchery for Marine Fishes at Flodevigen, Norway. 
By G. M. Dannevic. 
[Communicated by J. W. WOODALL. ] 
The Flodevigen Hatchery for Salt-water Fish was, at Captain Dannevig’s 
proposal, erected in 1883 by a private society in Arundal, with the object of 
ascertaining whether it was possible to produce large numbers of fry of the better 
class of salt-water fish at a reasonable cost, the decrease in the fisheries, especially 
the cod fishing, being then greatly felt. 
The work commenced in February 1884, and, as neither methods nor service- 
able apparatus were invented, the troubles at the beginning were great and many. 
Five millions of cod and nearly two millions of flounders and dabs were 
hatched at a cost of about 1s. 3d. per 1000 fry. 
The author gave details of the operations carried on from 1884 until the 
present year. 
During the later period —1890-96—1203 millions of fry were hatched at a cost 
of 0:65d. per 1000 fry. The last season the cost was one-third of a penny per 
1000, and there is still a good chance of diminishing the expenses. The hatchery 
cost about 800/., and the annual expenditure is about 500/. 
The practical result of the work is that the cod is rapidly increasing on the 
south coast, and more especially where fry have been planted. 
8. On the Necessity for a British Fresh-water Biological Station. 
By D. J. ScourFieELD. 
Although there are fresh-water biological stations actively at work in Germany, 
Bohemia, the United States, and other countries, the idea of founding such an 
institution in this country has received very little attention. In fact the only 
tangible proposal to found such a station appears to be that made by the Norfolk 
and Norwich Naturalists’ Society. But surely it is time, now that the more 
pressing need for British marine biological stations has been largely satisfied, and 
the anticipations as to their value are being steadily realised, to consider it the 
careful study of fresh-water biology in this country cannot be helped forward by 
the establishment of a properly equipped station. There can be no doubt that 
many of the most interesting problems in fresh-water biology, problems of great 
general importance bearing on vexed points of variation, heredity, selection, and 
the influence of environment, will never be solved without the continuity of 
observation which can practically only be secured by means of a station definitely 
working towards this end. 
Of the three principal districts in England and Wales offering suitable con- 
ditions for a fresh-water station, viz., the Lake District, North Wales, and the 
Norfolk Broads, the main work to be done in the two former would probably be 
directed towards the fresh-water ‘plankton,’ while in the latter the influence of 
the gradation from fresh to brackish water would be the most characteristic 
feature. Many other lines of investigation could of course be followed in either 
district, and the mere working-up of the aquatic fauna and flora of the immediately 
surrounding neighbourhood, which is almost esseutial as a preliminary step to 
deeper investigation, would be in itself no small gain to science. 
The minimum cost of an efficient fresh-water station would probably amount 
to about 500/., and the cost of maintenance to 250/. a year ; for it is evident that if 
the station is to be a success there must be at least one trained biologist to live 
and work at it continuously. 
1 See Trans. Norf. and Norm. Nat. Soc., vol. vi. Part I. p. 108; also Natural Science, 
Jan. 1896, p. 8. 
