TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION H. 927 
The pathological causation of convexity of the popliteal surface being admis- 
sible by reason of the exostoses shown by the Trinil femur, the author drew 
attention to the influence of rachitis in producing convexity of the popliteal 
surface. 
Finally, special reference was made to the condyles of the Trinil femur, which are 
human and not simian in type. 
The author arrives at the following conclusions :— 
1. The distinguishing features of the Trinil femur are found both singly and 
in conjunction on human femora, with sufficient frequency to enable them to rank 
as human characters. 
2. The features of the Trinil femur do not entitle it to the distinction of a sepa- 
rate genus, but it is a human femur which, from the geological horizon connected 
with its discovery, associates the genus Homo with a period immensely more 
remote than any former discovery of man’s remains. 
Reasoning from the above conclusions, with regard to the femur, either the 
skull-cap and the molar teeth discovered by Dr. Dubois were also parts of a 
human being, or it has yet to be proved that they really formed parts of the 
individual who provided the femur. 
[Dupors. ‘'Trans. Roy. Soc. Dub.’ i. 1896. 
MANOUVRIER. Deuwiime Etude sur le ‘P. erectus, Sc., ‘Bull. Soc. Anthrop. de 
Paris,’ tom. vi. 1896, fasc. v (4° série). 
HEPBURN. The Comparative Anatomy of the Muscles and Nerves of the Superior 
and Inferior Extremities of the Anthropoid Apes, ‘Journ. Anat. and Phys.’ vol. xxvi. 
p. 333.] 
4. Proportions of the Human Body. By J. G. Garson, ILD. 
The author began by giving a short historical outline of the study of the canon 
of proportion of the human body from the time of the Ancient Egyptians to the 
present. The Egyptian canon showed that the models from whom it was made 
out were negroes. The Greeks appear to have adopted that of the Egyptians. 
The canon of modern artists is essentially an ideal one, apt to vary as opinions 
change. The first real attempt at a scientific canon was that of Quetelet; it was, 
however, based upon too small a number of observations. The canon which has 
been published by Professor Topinard of Paris is much more reliable. As a 
number of circumstances would appear to modify the proportions of the people of 
different countries, such as the race elements of which a nation is composed, the 
social condition of the models, climatic conditions, &c., the author considered that 
no better data could be obtained for establishing the true canon of the people of 
Great Britain than the measurements which were made in the anthropometric 
laboratory of the British Association on its members during seven successive 
meetings, the models being persons living under the most favourable conditions of 
life. The method of obtaining the mean dimensions of each measurement, so as to 
eliminate causes of error, was explained. The mean stature thus obtained is 
5 ft. 72in. This being taken as 100, the proportions of the various parts of the 
head and face, as well as the trunk and limbs, were shown expressed in per- 
centages. The head is 12°6 per cent., the neck and truuk 40, the lower limbs 47°5, 
the arm 43:1, the span 102'5. The canon of the head and of the span indicated, 
differ considerably from that of artists. 
The paper will be published in full in the Journal of the Anthropological 
Institute. 
5. Some Pagan Survivals. By F. T, Etworruy. 
