THE POSITION OF GEOGRAPHY IN THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM. 383 



arts and science. It should be compulsory for some students in a minor 

 standard, for instance, for students reading for honours in history, or 

 anthropology and ethnology, or economics or geology. Teachers of geo- 

 graphy in the lower classes of secondary schools should have passed in 

 geography in this lower standard, while those responsible for the teaching 

 of geography in the highest classes should have taken honours in 

 geography. The universities should therefore provide the skilled teaching 

 and efficient equipment that are necessary for a subject regarded as of 

 first-rate importance by nearly every first-class university outside the 

 English-speaking lands. 



In all technical, commercial, and professional schools, general as well 

 as applied geography should have a more prominent place in the cur- 

 riculum than it occupies at present, both from an educational and 

 utilitarian point of view. This is of special importance in the case of com- 

 mercial colleges at a time when the competition for the markets of the 

 world is becoming very keen, and every little advantage of superior general 

 knowledge, such as economic geography, properly taught, can supply, counts 

 for much. 



The Chairman of the Committee was unfortunately prevented from 

 attending the meetings of the Committee after the first one, and Mr. 

 Sowerbutts was unfortunately too ill to be present when the final report 

 was considered. Both members, however, have had an opportunity of 

 revising the report. Mr. Sowerbutts wishes to lay even greater emphasis 

 on the importance of Commercial Geography for a commercial nation. 



APPENDICES. 



Note. — In addition to the appendices given here the reader is referred 

 to the numerous programmes, examination papers, and opinions on geo- 

 graphy printed with Dr. J. Scott Keltie's Report on Geographical Educa- 

 tion. 



An admirable account of the position of geography in the educational 

 system of France was given by Professor Levasseur to the Sixth Inter- 

 national Geographical Congress in 1895. See Report of Congress, 

 pp. 27-71. 



Professor du Fief gives a similar account, applicable to Belgium, in 

 the ' Bulletin de la Soci^t^ royale beige de G^ographie,' xvi. 



Professor H. Wagner's papers on 'Methodik und Studium der 

 Erdkunde ' in the ' Geographisches Jahrbuch ' should also be consulted. 



Some recent papers on Geographical Education were reviewed, in the 

 'Scottish Geographical Magazine 'for 1896, by Mr. A. J. Herbertson, 

 and those containing bibliographical notes were specially mentioned. 



A small volume for the use of teachers, ' Hints to Teachers and Students 

 on the Choice of Geographical Books' (Longmans, 1897) has been com- 

 piled by Dr. H. R. Mill. 



