0>f THE ETHNOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 449 



This table is of importance also as showing that the difference in 

 stature of first-born children and of later born children cannot be ascribed 

 to the influence of differences in nationalities. The change of proportion 

 of English and Canadian blood in the grand total is so slight that we 

 cannot possibly assume that it will materially modify the average stature 

 of the people We may therefore safely say that the difierence in 

 stature of first-born and later-born children is not influenced by compli- 

 cations resulting from the influence of nationalities. 



APPENDIX II. 

 Origin of the French Canadians. By B . Sulte. 



We intend to explain the formation of a certain number of French 

 ■people into settlers on the St. Lawrence during the seventeenth century, 

 atnd from which has sprung the present French Canadian population. 



(1) Acadia was peopled without any kind of organisation between 

 1636 and 1670, or thereabouts. No one has yet satisfactorily demon- 

 strated where the French of that colony came from, though their dialect 

 would indicate their place of origin to be in the neighbourhood of the 

 mouth of the river Loire. They are distinct from the French Canadians 

 in some particulars, and not aUied by marriages with the settlers of the 

 St. Lawrence. 



Brittany never traded with Canada, except that, from 1535 to 1600, 

 some of the St. Malo navigators used to visit the Lower St. Lawrence and 

 barter with the Indians, but there were no European settlers in the whole 

 of that pretended New France. Afterwards the regime of the fur com- 

 panies, which extended from 1608 to 1632, was rather adverse to colonisa- 

 tion, and we know by Champlain's writings that no resident, no 'habitant,' 

 I tilled the soil during that quarter of a century. The men who were 

 ■employed at Quebec and elsewhere by the companies all belonged to Nor- 

 mandy, and, after 1632, twelve or fifteen of them married the daughters 

 of the other Normans recently arrived to settle for good. Brittany 

 ■remained in the background after, as well as before, 1632. This is con- 

 firmed by an examination of the parish registers, where seven or eight 

 Bretons only can be found during the seventeenth century. 



(2) The trade of Canada remained in the hands of the Dieppe and 

 j Rouen merchants from 1633 to 1663. It consisted solely in fish and fur, 

 ' especially the latter. Therefore any man of these localities who wished 



to go to Canada to settle there was admitted on the strength of the charter 

 of the Hundred Partners, who were bound to send in people brought up 

 to farming in order to cultivate the soil of the colony, but who did 

 [ nothing of the kind, except transporting the self-sacrificing emigrants. 

 There is even indication that the transport was not free. The other sea- 

 ports of France having no connection with Canada before 1662, five or 

 .six families only came from these ports. 



(3) When the business of the Hundred Partners collapsed about 1660, 

 Paris and Rochelle came in for a certain share of interest, as they were 

 the creditors of the expiring company, and soon we notice immigrants 



[arriving from the neighbouring country places of those two cities. 

 The settlers (1633-1663) came, as a rule, individually, or in little 

 1897. G G 



