CRANE. GRALLATORES. GRUS. a 
tent of the excavation, the second about midway. After its 
return from this second flexure, it bends upwards, and pass- 
ing over the ridge of the sternum by the left clavicle, there 
enters the thorax, and is attached to the lungs by its bron- 
chial tubes *. The female possesses the same formation as 
the male, but the duplicatures are not so considerable, nor do 
they extend so far backwards into the cavity of the sternum. 
Prater 1. Represents the Crane of about one-half the size of 
nature, from a very fine specimen in the splendid col- 
lection of Sir WiLL1amM JarpIneE, Bart. 
The bill is black, with the tip of a straw-yellow colour ; the 
nostrils pervious and oblong. The forehead and space 
between the bill and eyes, bluish black, garnished with 
stiff bristly hairs. The crown is naked, with the skin 
of a tile-red colour. The occiput, the throat, and fore 
part of the neck, deep broccoli-brown ; the hinder part, 
and sides of the neck, greyish-white. The upper and 
under parts of the body of a deep ash-grey. The pri- 
mary quills and greater coverts black ; some of the se- 
condaries and the tertials long and arched ; the latter 
with decomposed barbs of a blackish-brown colour, and 
forming elegant plumes, something similar to those of 
the Ostrich, which usually droop over the tail, but can 
be erected at pleasure. The legs and feet are black. 
The plumage of both sexes is similar, though the colours 
of the male bird are perhaps generally of a finer and 
brighter tint than those of the female. The young do 
not acquire their perfect plumage till after the second 
moulting, previous to which the crown of the head is 
covered with downy feathers, and they want the deep 
chocolate-brown upon the occiput and throat. 
* For a further description, see Dr Laruam’s Essay on the Trachea of 
Birds, in the fourth volume of the Linnean Transactions. 
General 
descrip- 
tion. 
