SANDPIPER. GRALLATORES. TOTANUS. 69 
ties, and throughout Europe are subject to periodical migra- 
tion. Their flight is strong, and they run with considerable 
rapidity. 
DUSKY SANDPIPER. 
Toranus Fuscus, Leis. 
PLATE XV. Fig. 1. 2. 
Totanus fuscus, Leisler, Nachtr. zu Bechst. Naturg. Deut. Heft. 1. 47. 
No. 2.—Temm. Man. d’Ornith. 2. 639.—Shaw’s Zool. 12. 132.—Flem. 
Br. Anim. 1. 102. 138. 
Chevalier Noir, Cuv. Reg. Anim. 1. 493. 
Chevalier Arlequin, Temm. Man. d’Ornith. 2. 639. 
Dusky Sandpiper, Shaw’s Zool. 12. 132. 
Totanus fuscus, Bechst. Naturg. Deut. 4. 212. 
Scolopax fusca, Linn. Syst. 1. 243. 5.—Lath. Ind. Ornith. 2. 724. 35.— 
Gmel. Syst. 1. 657. 
Limosa fusca, Briss. Orn. 5. 276. 4. t. 23. f. 2. Summer 
Le Barge brune, Buff: Ois. 5. 508. plumage. 
Dusky Snipe, Lath. Syn. 5. 155. 
Tringa atra, Lath. Ind. Orn. 2. 738. 43. 
Black-headed Snipe, Lath. Syn. Sup. 2. 313. 
Scolopax Cantabrigiensis, Gmel. Syst. 1. 688.—Lath. Ind. Orn. 2. 721. 23. 
Cambridge Godwit, Br. Zool. 2. 185.—Lath. Syn. 5. 146. 16.—Mont. Orn. 
Dict.—Bewick’s Br. Birds, 2. 84. Winter 
Scolopax Curonica, Gmel. Syst. 1. 669.—Lath. Ind. Orn. 2. 724. 37. plumage. 
Courland Snipe, Lath. Syn. Sup. 2. 310. 
Scolopax Totanus, Gmel. Syst. 1. 655. 12.—Lath. Ind. Orn. 2. 721. 24. 
Totanus alter, Raii Syn. 106. 11.—Will. (Angl.) 297.—Barker, Albin. 
2. t. 71. 
Spotted Snipe, Lath. Syn. 2. 148. 19.—Lewin’s Br. Birds, t. 164.—Mont. Sy Vanna: 
Orn. Dict. 2. and Sup. with a fig. eee on 
Spotted Redshank, Penn. Brit. Zool. 2. No. 186.—Bewick’s Br. Birds, 
ed. 1826. pl. tab, 69. 
Tue difference of plumage between the young and mature 
bird in this species, and the peculiar change annually under- 
gone previous to the pairing season, have occasioned great 
perplexity in discriminating it under such various garbs, and 
given rise to the long list of synonyms above quoted. This 
is a rare species in Britain, and the specimens taken are ge- 
nerally birds of the year (that is, the young previous to the 
first moulting), or old birds in their winter dress. Mon- 
racu describes two, both in the young state, under the title 
of the Spotted Snipe, and has given a correct figure of one 
