Summer 
plumage, 
and 
changes in 
acquiring 
and losing 
it. 
154 GRALLATORES. TRINGA. DuNLIN. 
Tringa alpina, Linn. Syst. 1. 249. 11.—Gemil. Syst. 1. 676.—Lath." Ind. 
Orn. 2. 736. sp. 37. 
Cinclus torquatus, Briss. Orn. 5. 216, No. 11. t. 19. f 2. 
Gallinago anglicana, Id. 5. 309. 5. 
Le Cincle, Buff: Ois. 7. 553. 
La Brunette, Id. 7. 493. 
Red-backed Sandpiper, Wi/s. Amer. Orn. 7. 25. pl. 56. f. 2. 
Dunlin, Will. Orn. (Angl.) 305.—Raii Syn. 109. A. 11.—Penn. Br. 
Zool. 2. 471. No. 205.—Arct. Zool. 2. No. 391.—Lath. Syn. 5. 185. 33. 
Id. Sup. 249.—Mont. Ornith. Dict. 1. Sup. and App. to Sup.— Bewick’s 
Br. Birds, 2. 117, &c. 
Provinc1aLt—Sea-snipe, Ox-bird, Oxeye, Wagtail, Least Snipe. 
Previous to the appearance of Monracu’s Supplement 
to his Ornithological Dictionary (when the identity of the 
Dunlin and Purre of authors was first pointed out), this 
bird, in the writings and compilations of earlier naturalists, 
had always been considered, under its different states of 
plumage, as forming at least two distinct species, as may be 
collected from the list of synonyms given above. These 
views of our zealous countryman, who was one of the first to 
direct the attention of inquirers to the remarkable changes 
of plumage that so many species are now ascertained to un- 
dergo, were soon afterwards corroborated by the observations 
of that discriminating ornithologist Mons. TrmmMinckx, in his 
‘* Manuel,” where he has traced and attached the various sy- 
nonyms, as they appeared applicable to the different states of 
this bird, either at the period when the change has been com- 
pletely effected (as exhibited in its winter or summer plum- 
age), or in the intermediate stages of moulting, in its pro- 
gress from one to the other. After the authority of two 
such names, it may appear unnecessary to bring forward any 
additional proof of this identity; but as the situation in 
which I happen to reside is peculiarly favourable for mak- 
ing observations on the tribes of fowl that resort to our 
coasts, I may be allowed to remark, that after having ex- 
amined specimens at all seasons, and indeed during each 
month of the year (when the progressive changes from one 
state to another may be traced step by step), I have been 
able to verify, most satisfactorily to my own mind, the cor- 
