366 NATATORES. CLANGULA. 
In the summer the greater part of the head and neck, and 
the whole of the upper and under plumage, as far as the 
abdomen, are brownish-black. The scapulars are black- 
ish-brown, bordered with orange-coloured brown. Cheeks 
ash-grey. Abdomen and vent white. 
Fig. 2. The Female. 
Female. — Crown of the head, patch behind the ears, chin, and throat, 
blackish (inclining to broccoli-)brown. Face, neck, and 
collar, greyish-white. Breast pale liver-brown, with the 
centers of the feathers darker. Upper parts blackish- 
brown, with the scapulars and wing-coverts margined 
with yellowish-brown and greyish-white. 'Tail broccoli- 
brown, margined with white. Lower parts white. Bill 
grey, with an indistinct yellow band. Legs and toes 
grey, with the membranes darker. 
Genus CLANGULA, Frzu. GARROT. 
GENERIC CHARACTERS. 
Bit shorter than the head, elevated at the base, tapering 
towards the point ; nail of mean size, and scarcely projecting 
beyond the edge of the mandible. Both mandibles laminato- 
dentate, with the laminz tooth-like and widely set, and con- 
cealed by the projecting margins of the bill. 
Nostrils lateral, oval, pierced in the anterior and lower part 
of the membrane. Head large and high. 
Wings of mean length, acute. Tail rather long, gra- 
duated, with the feathers semi-acute. Legs short. Toes 
long, webbed, the middle and outer ones nearly equal in 
length. Hind toe lobated. 
Tn this genus an evident approach to the succeeding sub- 
family Mergina, is perceptible, not only in the tapering, and 
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