370 NATATORES. CLANGULA. GARROT. 
men, pure white (but in some the breast is tinged with 
sienna-yellow.) The long flank feathers having the 
outer part of their inner webs velvet-black. The vent, 
and behind the thighs, broccoli-brown. Exterior scapu- 
lars white, and having their outer webs margined with 
black. The rest of the scapulars, the long tertials, the 
mantle, and back, deep glossy black. Tail rather long, 
formed of sixteen feathers, broccoli-brown. Bill black, 
one inch and three-eighths long, from the angle of the 
forehead to the tip, with the nostrils placed nearer to 
the tip than the base. Legs and toes orange.  Irides 
golden or gamboge yellow. 
Female. Head, and upper part of the neck, umber-brown. Lower 
part of the neck or collar greyish-white. Upper part of 
the breast deep ash-grey, the feathers being margined 
with greyish-white. Dorsal plumage pitch- (or brown- 
ish-) black, the feathers of the mantle and outer scapu- 
lars being deeply margined with ash-grey. The inter- 
mediate wing-coverts brownish-black, blotched with 
greyish-white. Secondaries as in the male bird. Flanks, 
and behind the thighs, clove-brown, margined paler. 
The rest of the lower parts white. Bill having the tip 
saffron-yellow. Legs dirty orange, with the webs 
darker. 
Young. The young males strongly resemble the females for the first 
year, but are larger, and may always be ascertained by 
the trachea. After the second moult the spot behind 
the bill appears, composed of black and white feathers, 
and the head and neck acquire the glossy green colour. 
The back also becomes darker, and there are indications 
of the exterior black and white scapulars. After the 
third moult the bird is matured. 
