MERGANSER. NATATORES. MERGUS. 379 
RED-BREASTED MERGANSER. 
Menrcus serraror, Linn. 
PLATE LVIII. ann LVIII*. 
Mergus serrator, Linn. Syst. 1. 208. 3.—Gmel. Syst. 1. 545. B.—Lath. Ind. 
Orn. 2. 829. sp. 4.—Flem. Br. Anim. 1. 129. sp. 201.—Faun. Amer. Bo- 
real. 2. 462. No. 221.—Wils. Amer. Orn. 8. 84. pL_69. f. 2. male. 
Merganser serrata, Shaw’s Zool. 12. 165. 
Mergus serrator leucomelas, Gmel. Syst. 1. 546. D. 
Mergus cirrhatus fuscus, Raii Syn. 135. A.—Will. 255. t. 64. 
Meregus cristatus, Briss. Orn. 6. 237. 2. t. 23. 
Le Harle huppé, Buff Ois, 8. 273.—Id. Pl. Enl. 207.—Temm. Man. 
d’Ornith. 2. 884.—Cuv. Reg. Anim. 1. 540.—Lesson. Man d’Ornith. 2. 
420. 
Harle 4 Manteau noir, Buff: Ois, 8. 277. 
Langschnabliger Sager, Bechst. Naturg. Deut. 4. 795.— Meyer, Tasschenb. 
Deut. 2. 568. 
Red-breasted Merganser, Penn. Br. Zool. 2. 558. pl. 93. No. 261.—Arct. 
Zool. 2. 466.—Edw. Glean. pl. 95.—Albin’s Birds, 2. pl. 101.—Lewin’s 
Br. Birds, 6. 233.—Lath. Syn. 6. 423.—Id. Sup. 2. 337.—Jd. in Trans. 
Linn. Soc. 4. 121. pl. 16. f. 1. 2.—(Trachea.) Mont. Ornith. Dict. and 
Sup.— Bewick’s Br. Birds, ed. 1826. 2. p. t. 257. 
Mergus serratus, Gmel. Syst. 1. 546. sp. 3. var. A. \ 
Female, and 
Mergus niger, Gmel. Syst. 546. B. Young Males. 
Merganser niger, Briss. Orn. 6. 251. 5. 
Provinciat—Earl-Duck, Harle. 
Upon the Northumbrian and other coasts on the north of 
England, this species is a regular winter visitant, but always 
more abundantly in severe than in mild seasons. It haunts the 
bays and inlets where small streams discharge themselves, as 
well as the estuaries of rivers, but seldom advances far beyond 
the influence of the tide. The greater part of those that visit us 
are females, and young males in the immature plumage ; in 
which state, except as to size, they strongly resemble the for- 
mer. In the Highlands and Isles of Scotland these birds are 
found at all seasons of the year, making the fresh-water lakes 
of the interior their residence during the summer, and in win- 
ter, should these become frozen, resorting to the salt-water in- 
jets. They breed upon the margins of the lakes, or, in prefer- 
‘e, upon the islets with which many of them are diversified. 
