40 THE BIRDS OF THE LUCKNOW CIVIL DIVISION. 
abounds throughout the district in all well-wooded tracts. It 
breeds very generally in May: in that month I found the 
following nests :— 
May ::D6R) 7) sss ..» nest and 3 ego's (fresh.) 
ods PRIA Suet aie cae 5) FR A) ese) 
Pe Gion cx sah mutaaal (oa eean(ie o) 
Sr eee aids as B dean wv 
pte OLA Ti0 17 ftntels boi = Dh 5 99 
Average measurement of 12 eggs *82 by ‘62 inches. 
Measurement of largestege ... °86 ,,°70 4, 
Measurement of smallest egg ... °80 ,, 60 ,, 
It habitually breeds in thickly foliaged shrubs, particularly 
in creepers running up trees or lattice work, and in the Horti- 
cultural Gardens, here, nests are consequently very numerous. 
462.—Molpastes hemorrhous, Gm. Native name— 
Bulbul, also Guldum Bulbul. 
The Common Madras Bulbul is quite as abundant as the last 
species, and perhaps more generally spread, being frequently 
found in comparatively woodless tracts. Still, it frequents 
much the same localities, and is very abundant about Lucknow, 
where it is prized by the natives for its fighting qualities. In 
the district, too, it is trained for the same purpose, and on 
several occasions I have seen as many as a hundred perched 
on, and fastened to, separate sticks shaped like the letter T, in 
the courtyards of country magnates. 
The eggs of this species are somewhat larger and redder 
than those of O. emeria; but there is but little difference in 
the size and shape of their nests, and they breed in the same 
localities ; O. emeria very generally in May, but this species 
apparently not until June or July. 
The following is my record of its nests :— 
June 13th ... nest and 3 eggs (fresh.) 
” 15th eee 99 2 39 ? 
je. 26th be - 3, (hard-set.) : 
July 18th Nee 3 5, (partly incubated.) 
9 
Average measurement of 10 eggs 87 by °64 inches. 
Measurement of largestegg ... ‘95 ,, ‘72 ,, 
Measurement of smallestegg ... °75 , '63 4, 
468—Iora tiphia, Zin. 
18th November, Male.—Length, 5°80 ; expanse, 8°25 ; wing, 
2°60; tail, 2:20 ; tarsus, °70; bill, from gape, ‘75 ; weight, 
he oz. Legs dark plumbeous ; irides greyish brown ; bill dark 
orny. ; 
