465 



three were found infected with this gregarine. But a few specimens 

 were found in each host. Boulder, Colorado. 



Oigaductus parvus Crawley from Harpalus pemisylvanicus Dej. 

 Found in several specimens from Vincennes, Indiana. 



Echinomera hispida (Schneider) from Lithobius coloradensis 

 (Cockerell). A few specimens of this queer gregarine were found in 

 each of several Chilopods examined. These could not be separated by 

 careful measurements from Schneider's species. In some specimens 

 the ratio of the length of the protomerite to the length of the deuto- 

 merite was as low as one to seven, while Schneider's original figures 

 give this as one to eleven or more. Other specimens seemed inter- 

 mediate between E. hispida (Schneider) and Echinomera horrida (Leger). 

 It seems probable then that E. horrida (Leger) is synonymous with E. 

 hispida, leaving a single species in this genus. The occurrence of E. 

 hispida, in Boulder is not surprising since Lithobius forficatus the host 

 from which Schneider described E. hispida, has been introduced here. 

 The Chilopods from which this gregarine was taken were collected near 

 the University Campus, Boulder, Colorado. 



9. A Table for Use in the Identification of Birds' Skulls. 



By Chas. H. O'Donoghue, D. Sc. Beit. Memorial Fellow. 

 (Zoological Laboratory, University College, London.) 



eingeg. 8. Januar 1913. 



In 1867 Huxley (2) in a masterly paper pointed out the taxonomic 

 value of the different arrangements of certain bones in the avain palate. 

 It is not intended to enter into a discussion as to whether the skulls 

 thus grouped together under one name form a "natural group" that is 

 satisfactory from the point of view of classification. The literature re- 

 lating to this discussion may be obtained by reference to the works of 

 Newton (3) and Beddard (1). 



Apart from their taxonomic significance then, the names employed 

 by Huxley, with slight modifications, are of considerable descriptive 

 value and the table given below has been found very useful not only in 

 laboratory class work but also as a key in the ready separation into 

 groups of miscellaneous collections of birds' skulls. 



The living birds were divided by Huxley into two orders the Ra- 

 titae or Struthious Birds and the Carinatae i. e all the remaining 

 living birds. The Carinatae were then divided into four separate 

 groups called the Dromoeognathous, the Schizognathous, the 

 Desmognathous and the Aegithognathous birds according to the 

 arrangement of the bones of the palate. 



Zoolog. Anzeiger. Bd. XLI. 30 



