ON THE NORTH-WESTERN TRIBES OF CANADA. 



425 



1. Stature. 



2. Finger- reacb. 



3. Heiglit of" ear. 



4. Height of 7tli vertebra. 



5. Height of acromion. 



6. Height of point of second 



finger. 



7. Width between acromia. 



8. Height, sitting. 



9. Length of head. 



10. Width of head. 



11. Width between zygomatic 



arches. 



12. Distance from naso-frontal 



suture to chin. 



13. Distance from naso-frontal 



suture to mouth. 



14. Height of nose. 



15. Width of base of nose. 



16. Maximum width of nose. 



In measuring the ' stature,' the subject was asked to stand erect, but care 

 was taken to avoid excessive stretching, as in these cases the stature during 

 the process of measuring would undergo material changes. The ' finger- 

 reach ' is the greatest distance between the tips of the second fingers, the 

 arms being extended horizontally. In this case the subject was encouraged 

 to make the strongest possible effort. The measurements of stature, height 

 of acromion, height of point of second finger, were taken in rapid suc- 

 cession, in order to avoid changes of position as much as possible. In 

 measuring the point of the second finger the arms and hands were 

 stretched out downward, so that hand and arm formed as nearly as pos- 

 sible a straight line. A glance at the tables will show that the results of 

 the measurements of ' height of ear ' (being the difference between the 

 stature and the height of ear above the ground) as obtained by this 

 method are very unsatisfactory. In most cases it was difficult to obtain a 

 sufficiently level surface for a satisfactory comparison of the two measure- 

 ments. Only among the Bilqula and the last three groups this difficulty 

 did not present itself. But even in these cases I do not consider the 

 results very accurate, mainly on account of the unavoidable movements 

 of the subject. I should prefer, at another time, to measure the distance 

 directly by Topinard's method. The difference between the heights of the 

 acromion and of the point of the second finger gives the length of arm 

 with greater accuracy, because I was able to take these two measure- 

 ments without moving the scale. The length and width of the head are 

 maximum measurements ; the former is always taken from the glabella ; 

 the vertical measurements of the face were taken from the naso-frontal 

 suture. 



The indices require little explanation. The cephalic index is the 

 proportion between length and width of the head, the latter being 

 expressed in per cents, of the former. The index of ti.o height of ear is 

 the proportion between the length of head and the difference in height 

 of the ear and vertex. The facial index is the proportion of the naso-mental 

 line to the width of face, the index of the upper part of the face the pro- 

 portion of the naso-oral line to the width of face. I have given two 

 nasal indices, the proportions of the basal width and maximum width of 

 the nose, the former being measured at the insertion of the alas, to the 

 height of nose. The last three columns contain finger- reach, height sitting, 

 and length of arm, expressed in per cents, of the stature. 



Before discussing the measurements I give the tables. The descrip- 

 tions are withheld for the present, as it is desirable to gain some new 

 data. 



