442 



KEPORT 1891. 



various tribes. In looking over the figures given for the Bilqula, it 

 appears that in the three cases considered here, two maxima of frequency 

 occur, while cases between the two maxima are quite rare. Furthermore, 

 it will be seen that the secondary maximum of this series coincides very 

 nearly with the maximum of the first group, embracing the northern 

 tribes and those of Vancouver Island. The cephalic indices do not 

 ■coincide quite so well as the other measurements, but still sufficiently 

 nearly. The primary maximum of the Bilqula agrees very closely with 

 that of the Oregonian Tinneh. It appears that the stature of the latter 

 varies more than that of the Bilqula, but I shall show later on the cause 

 of this curious fact. The resemblance of the two maxima of frequency 

 to the types of the Coast Indians and of the Tinneh is very far-reaching. 

 As this comparison is entirely based on the occurrence of the two maxima 

 among the Bilqula, it is desirable to show their actual existence more 

 evidently. For this purpose I have divided the whole series of the 

 Bilqula into two parts according to the order of the observations. 



miqula. 



It appears from this table that the distribution of cases in the two 

 halves of the series remains unchanged. 



The explanation of these phenomena must be sought for in the 

 mixture of the two types of people : the coast people of shorter stature, 

 and with longer heads, and the Tinneh with shorter heads and of taller 

 stature. We know that a mixture of these two people has taken place 

 among the Bilqula. We even know, based on linguistical considerations, 

 that the Bilqula must have lived at one time with the Salish tribes 

 farther south-east. Therefore the explanation given here appears quite 

 plausible. 



While coming to these conclusions, I read a preliminary notice of 

 the anthropological investigations carried on in Baden (' Globus,' vol. 

 lix. p. 51), in which the same point is brought out most clearly. O. 

 Ammon, who reports on these investigations, states that in the case of a 

 mixture of types no middle forms originate, but that the parent forms 

 are preserved separately. The same fact has been brought out by Dr. 

 von Lnschan in his investigations in Lycia. (' Reiseu in Lykien,' &c., 

 Vienna, 1889.) He found that among the Greeks of that country the 

 Shemitic and Armenian types are preserved without having undergone 

 any mixture. If we study among the Bilqula the individual distribution 

 of observations, it appears that the types of the component forms which 

 appear so clearly in a statistical treatment of the material, appear in all 

 possible combinations among the single individuals, so that each indivi- 



