ON THE NOETH-WESXERN TKIBES OF CANADA. 447 



remarkable. The prevailing type is exceedingly brachycephalic and 

 charareprosopic, and their small stature is also quite unique. Their differ- 

 ence from all the other tribes appears so clearly from our tables that 

 farther remarks seem unnecessary, I have not found any analogy amono* 

 the neighbouring tribes, except at the mouth of Fraser River, whei-e the 

 same type might be expected to occur on account of the intermarriao'e of 

 these groups. The question regarding the relationship of this tribe must 

 remain at present an open one. 



Among the other tribes the Columbians appear remarkable on account 

 of their tallness. It seems that their heads are a little longer than those 

 of the neighbouring tribes, but the data do not bring out the difference 

 with sufficient clearness. There appears to be no reason to suppose that 

 more favourable conditions prevailed in this region, and should have pro- 

 duced the development of greater stature. 



We will finally consider the proportions of the bodies of the various 

 groups. It appears that the finger-reach of the southern groups, especi- 

 ally of those of southern and central Oregon, is much smaller than that 

 of the northern tribes. I am inclined to attribute this fact to a difference 

 of occupation, the first-named two groups living on reservations, while 

 the others are fishermen. Together with this lengthening of the fino-er- 

 reach seems to go an increase in the length of the arm. These variations, 

 may be seen in females as well as in males. The women pass also much 

 of their time in the canoe, which explains the corresponding variation in 

 their sex. The table also shows that the trunk of these Indians is much 

 longer than that of Europeans and also longer than that of the Iroquois, 

 which, according to Gould, is 53'4 per cent. It seems that the trunk of 

 the southern group is a little longer than that of the northern ones. 



I will finally sum up the results of this investigation. We find an 

 almost homogeneous population on the coast of British Columbia, with the 

 exception of the region of Dean Inlet. It is characterised by a stature 

 ranging between 159 and 162 cm. ; a cephalic index ranging between 17 

 and 81, a facial index ranging between 78 and 81. At Bentinck Arm 

 and in Washington this type is mixed with another, which also prevails ia 

 Oregon, so far as it is inhabited by Tinneh. This type is characterised 

 by a stature ranging between 166 and 172 cm. ; a cephalic index ranging- 

 between 84 and 87, and a facial index of from 83 to 86. In Northern 

 Oregon this type is found quite pure. Farther to the south the type is- 

 mixed with that of the northern Califomians, which becomes the more 

 prevalent the farther south we go. In Washington the same type seems 

 to exist, but subordinate to it the northern type is found. It is the 

 primary element among the Bilqula. We consider this type to be peculiar 

 to the Tinneh. The type of northern California is characterised by a 

 stature ranging from 160 to 164 cm. ; a cephalic index of from 79 to 81, 

 and a facial index of from 83 to 86. On the whole this type resembles the 

 first so much that I am inclined to identify them. A third and a quite 

 unique type is found at Harrison Lake. The individuals are short, with 

 very wide faces and heads. There is no similar tribe known to exist in 

 this region, and their affinities appear doubtful. On Columbia River we 

 find a fourth type, remarkable for its tallness, with a cephalic index of 

 from 80 to 84. I believe that these may be identified with the tall tribes 

 of the interior, but farther evidence is required on this point. 



