612 EEPORT — 1891. 



7. On the Nature of Solution. By Professor W. Ramsat, F.E.S. 



8. The Interpretation of Certain Chemical Reactions. 

 By C. H. BOTHAMLEY, F.C.8. 



9. Action of Nitrosyl Chloride on Unsaturated Carion Compounds. 

 By J. J. SuDBOROUGH, B.Sc, A.I.C., F.C.S. 



The author, after mentioning the work done by Tilden with regard to the 

 action of nitrosyl chloride on phenol and on the terpenes/ and also that of Tonnies 

 on the action of the same reagent on amylene and anethol/ gave a brief account of 

 experiments, conducted bj- himself, on the action of nitrosyl chloride on the follow- 

 ing substances : ethylene, propylene, amylene, cinnamene ; crotonic, oleic, erucic, 

 and cinnamic acids. Of these ethylene is chlorinated and forms the dichloride 

 CjH^Cl,, ; propylene is practically unacted upon ; amylene forms a nitroso-chloride, 

 CjHipNOCl, melting at 152°; and cinnamene, a similar compound, OgHgNOCl, 

 melting at 97°. Crotonic acid is unacted upon even when heated to 90°, while 

 oleic and erucic acids readily form definite nitroso-chlorides, the former melting at 

 86° and the latter at 92°. Cinnamic acid is unacted upon when cooled, but forms 

 the dichloride C„Hp„Cl.j when heated to 100°. 



The nitroso-chlorides are best prepared by dissolving the substance in chloroform, 

 cooling to — 1 0°, and then passing the nitrosyl chloride in until there is a strong 

 smell of it. The chloroform is then evaporated ofl', and the nitroso-chloride recrys- 

 tallised from alcohol or chloroform. 



These nitroso-chlorides are not merely molecular compounds, but definite and 

 stable bodies undecomposed by alcohol or water. 



Up to the present the author can find no laws regulating the action of nitrosyl 

 chloride on various carbon compounds, but he hopes to continue the work at some 

 future date with that object in view. 



10. On the Formation of Peaty Colouring Matters in Seivage hy the Action 

 of Micro-organisms. By W. E. Adeney, F.I.C, Assoc.EuC.Sc.I., 

 Curator, Royal University of Ireland. (Preliminary Notice.) 



The author gave a preliminary description of some experiments showing that 

 when sewage is treated with a plentiful supply of nitre, and kept out of contact 

 with fresh air, the soluble organic fermentable matters in it are completely 

 destroyed by the influence of micro-organisms, without undergoing any inter- 

 mediate stage of putrefaction, and that a liquid is finally obtained deeply coloured 

 with a brown colouring matter, having similar properties to the colouring matters 

 in natural peaty waters. The author also showed that the liquid, after the micro- 

 organisms have died down, probably contains no organic matter save the colouring 

 matter referred to. 



11. On a new Method of Disposal of Seivage, with some references to 

 Schemes now in use. By 0. Gr. MoOR, B.A. 



This paper is divided into three headings. 



The first gives the titles and objects of a few of the best known schemes, 

 with some very short remarks as to how far their aims are accomplished. 



The second part deals with the method of utilisation of sludge, which the 

 author has experimented on. He mentioned the important fact that the yield of 

 ammonia amply pays the cost of this part of the process. 



' Journ. Chem. Soc 27, 851 and 31, 654. 

 ' Berichte, 12, 169. 



