Wild Beasts and their Ways NG 
the second group 
of duikers (the 
“true” duikers), 
in which the 
horns rise nearly 
vertically from 
the skull. It 
suggests resem- 
blances to the 
Neotragines. 
The Neotra- 
gines include a 
number of small 
antelopes in 
which the tail is 
nearly always 
short. Horns 
(which are short, 
straight, and 
either vertical or 
directed slightly 
backwards or 
forwards) are 
confined to the [he é 
male only. The Photograph by Author. 
muzzle is naked 
in some forms, hairy in others. The anteorbital glands (the “tear bag”) are represented by 
a small circular hole instead of the slit of the cephalophines. In some forms the mamme 
are fowr in number, in others they are reduced to two. One group of these little 
antelopes develops a long and inflated nose, ending almost in a proboscis. Most of 
these little animals are aberrant types related to the cephalophines and “leading 
nowhere,’ but the Oribis are more primitive, and may be on the line of ascent to the 
Cervicaprine group and the gazelles. Among notable neotragines are the Klipspringer 
(Oreotragus), the Oribis (Ouwrebia), the Steinboks (Raphicerus), the pretty little 
Zanzibar antelope (Nesotragus), the Pygmy antelope of West Africa (Neotragus), 
and the Dik-Diks (Madogua). The Klipspringer is a specialised form which has 
adapted itself for living on mountains and rocks. It walks on the very edges of its 
main hoofs, no part of the pastern being on the ground. The muzzle is very short. 
The horns are simple and upright, and are usually present in the male. The fur is 
of quite a peculiar nature, the hairs being almost like flattened spines, very loosely 
attached to the skin, in that respect like the hair of certain deer and of the musk 
deer. The range of this animal is pretty extensive all down the eastern half of Africa, 
from the vicinity of Suakim to (formerly) the Cape of Good Hope. Apparently the 
klipspringer (of which a good illustration is given in my work on British Central 
Africa) has never been obtained from any part of Africa west of the White Nile. The ease 
with which this animal jumps vertically is quite remarkable. I have had tame specimens in 
captivity which one moment would be standing on the floor and the next have leapt on to 
the top of a piano or high shelf. On the rocky mountains they bound recklessly from 
erag to crag, and will leap downwards considerable distances, alighting on all four feet. 
The oribis are sometimes as large as a sheep, with longer necks and legs. They 
are of great interest in classification as a type that is perhaps ancestral and basal. One 
COMMON OR TRUE DUIKER. 
