168 Animal Life 
and True Duikers. Im no species of the Cervicaprines are horns developed in 
the female. There is a great range of variation in type amongst the horns 
of the male, from the simple, nearly straight, and vertical horns of the rhebok 
(Pelea) (which animal, by-the-bye, is confined in its distribution to Africa south 
of the Zambezi), to the long, splendidly-curved, backward-directed and almost 
hippotragine horns of Mrs. Gray's Waterbuck (Cobus maria). In the reedbucks 
(Cervicapra) there is a completely concave curve of the horns, the tips being 
directed sharply forwards. In the typical ““Waterbucks” of the genus Cobus (such as 
OCobus singsing, CO. ellipsiprymnus, C. defassa, etc.) the horns (as may be seen in my 
illustration) are long and sweeping and somewhat widely spread at their points, but 
still have a concave curve. In the smaller species of Cobus, of which OC. thomasi is a 
good example, the horns rise more vertically and with greater convexity above the orbits, 
and their curve 1s more graceful and _ lyrate. 
This development attains such an extreme form 
~ in Cobus maria that the horns have but little 
SSK recurvature at the tips, and are almost hippotragine 
ES in outline. At the same time in Cobus maria, and 
in the smaller but allied Cobws lewcotis, the outlne 
of the face begins to resemble the Orygine group, 
while its coloration offers a distinct approximation 
to the face-markings so characteristic of the Sable, 
Roan, and most of the Oryx antelopes. In many 
of the larger Cobus antelopes there is a somewhat 
heavy growth of hair along the lower part of the 
neck which recalls the same appearance in the 
sable, roan, and addax antelopes. In all the 
larger Cobus antelopes the tail is long and tufted,* 
the ears also tend to become long and to have 
black tips. The false hoofs are well developed, 
and there are four mamma. The large waterbucks, 
like Cobus ellipsiprymnus, C. singsing (West 
Africa), C. penricer (Angola), C. crawshayy (Tan- 
ganyika), are exceedingly hairy, especially in the 
female. A good example of the extravagant growth 
of hair about the face of the female waterbuck 
may be seen in my work on British Central Africa. 
In C. defassa the hair is shorter and less abundant. 
ea aS I have seen examples of this animal on the eastern 
HEAD OF THOMAS'S KOB (GC. thomasi). borders of the Congo Free State, where in the 
: males there was a distinct tendency towards loss 
of hair, Just as one observes in buffaloes. Cobws defassa is much redder than the other big 
waterbucks (which all tend towards a grey coat in the male). The forehead of OC. defassa 
is almost vermilion-red in some examples. The smaller Cobuses, of which Thomas’s Kob 
may be taken as an example, have a coat of golden-yellow with dark markings on the 
limbs and a little white about the face and throat; but a variety of Thomas's Kob is 
oceasionally met with in Uganda with a remarkable “mantle” of whitish-grey over the 
back and hind quarters. The White-eared Kob of the White Nile is a handsomely-painted 
animal, with a short coat of rich blackish-brown, variegated with bold white markings 
about the face, throat, chest, belly, limbs, and feet. Most splendidly marked, however,, 
of this handsome group, and perhaps one of the most beautiful animals in the world, is 
AF fing 
* This is particularly the case in Cobus maria, where the tail is remarkably oryx-like in appearance. 
