210 Animal Life 
which are still retained. The coat of the adult broad-horned antelope in some districts 
tends to become a warm chocolate-red, tipped here and there with black; elsewhere it 
remains reddish-yellow. But it is distinguished from the other members of the genus 
by having no spots, except on the lower jaw, and a regular succession of longitudinal 
vividly-marked white stripes. This antelope also has a long tail, whereas other members 
of the genus Tragelaphus have shorter and more tufted appendages. 
The inyalas or large bushbucks lead, by the transitional form of the Pleasant 
tragelaph (Limnotragus gratus) of West Africa, to the extreme types of water-dwelling 
tragelaphs which constitute the other two species of the genus Limnotragus. The Pleasant 
tragelaph of West Africa is an animal the size of a mule, with long legs, horns like an 
inyala, and a long silky coat of dark chocolate-brown in the male and reddish-yellow 
in the female. The coat of the male is diversified with white spots and stripes very 
much lke the markings of an inyala, and there are bold white markings also on the 
delicately-shaped limbs. The hoofs of this animal are slightly prolonged, but not to the same 
extent as in the next two species. Limnotragus spekei is the water tragelaph of the 
Victoria Nyanza and the adjoining lakes and rivers. ‘This creature still retains, even when 
adult, a few of the tragelaphine white markings, though they are very famt. The 
young are a reddish-yellow im colour, with fairly 
distinct white stripes and spots. The adult males ; 
attain very long weedy-looking hair of a kind of Roe >, 
chocolate-grey. This animal also has horns like an = 
inyala, but, perhaps, proportionately larger. It is 
about the size of a big mule. The toes are very 
long and the hoofs are considerably prolonged, while 
the false hoofs are also well developed. Behind the 
false hoof is a curious piece of stiff cartilage which 
resembles a smaller hoof. Very similar to this is 
Limnotragus selowst, the water antelope of the upper 
Zambezi and of Lake Mweru. It is said, however, 
that in this animal even the young have lost the 
spots and stripes. A good living example of this, here : 
illustrated, may be seen in the Zoological Gardens at From a Photograph. 
the present time. In this animal the horns when at SOON OT nchicne 
ther full growth have two and a-half turns, and 
somewhat resemble in appearance those of the kudu. These water-dwelling tragelaphs 
are not as exclusively aquatic in their life as has been thought by earlier writers. 
They can and do immerse their bodies in the water and the water vegetation to conceal 
themselves from enemies, and they frequent the water a great deal, while their great 
development of hoofs enables them to traverse swamps and floating vegetation. At the 
same time, they are active on land, and take tremendous leaps, and—as may be seen in 
the Zoological Gardens—can accustom themselves very cheerfully to life on dry soil. 
The kudus (Strepsiceros) are almost, if not quite, the highest expression of the 
tragelaphs. In them the graceful spiral horns take, when mature, three complete turns. 
The smooth, silky coat is beautifully marked with thin white stripes. There are no 
spots on the body, but white spots and chevrons and gorgets appear on the face and 
neck. The male has a throat-mane of long hair, which grows only along a narrow 
line exactly in the centre of the throat. There is also a dorsal mane along the ridge 
of the neck and back. The tail is long and bushy. ‘The kudu is about the size of a 
small ox, but longer legged and more gracefully built. These animals are still found in * 
South Africa, between the Zambezi and the Limpopo, and perhaps also in Zululand. 
North of the Zambezi they range into Portuguese South-West Africa, and northwards 
