NOTES ON COLLECTING. 175 
development of extra spots, especially on the forewings, on both sides, 
and not unusually on the upper side of the hindwing also ; these spots 
may be large or small, blind or pupilled, or on the hindwing the white 
pupil only may exist; this, together with a considerable range of 
ground colour and extent of suffusion, gives wide scope for variation. 
Notwithstanding the fact that we had no single day without rain, I 
succeeded in obtaining a good series, though many of them were after- 
wards more or less damaged by an accident to my settine box, caused 
by curiosity on the part of a youthful domestic, who however—to her 
honour be it said—owned up instantly and made no effort to palliate 
her crime! It soon became evident that both HF. tithonus and E. jur- 
tina, as well as A. hyperantus were supremely indifferent to sunshine, 
and flew in quite as large numbers on a sunless day, provided it was 
warm, as when the sun was shining brightly ; indeed many remained 
on the wing on warm days even when it was raining too much to keep 
one’s netup. ‘These three species and Pieris napi were very abundant 
throughout my-visit, but A. hyperantus was very worn after the first 
two or three days. I only saw one Hipparchia semele, but the complete 
absence of Coenonympha pamphilus was far more remarkable, the 
absence also of Melanargia galathea was unexpected. A few Pararge 
aeyeria appeared in the lane just outside our lodging, on the 24th, but 
the males were very common in a wood overlooking the Tamar, on the 
25th; on the latter day (the last of my stay) P. megera appeared for 
the first time. Pyrameis cardui was fairly common at the roadsides, 
as was Aylais urticae, and in one lane I saw several Vanessa io in prime 
“condition, though the nettles in another lane produced larvee not more 
than half grown. PP. atalanta, not-fresh, was in fair numbers on the 
bramble blossoms. All the species hitherto mentioned, as well as Pieris 
brassicae and P. rapae, one is accustomed to seeing at the road-sides, 
and Devonshire lanes and roads offer great attractions to butterflies, 
but it was something of a surprise to take Dryas paphia in a similar 
situation at a considerable distance from any wood. Of course where 
a road borders a wood it is common to find it, but here it was in some 
numbers with no wood near, though certainly commoner in the wood 
where I took P. aegeria. EH. tithonus here is, like FE. jurtina, A. hyper- 
antis and P. napi at Bude, an early riser ; numbers were flying about 
the hedge as I walked down into Tavistock on Sunday morning before 
7 a,m. (Greenwich time). 
On the 26th we left for Guildford, and on the following 
day I saw on the Hog’s Back, Celastrina argiolus in some num- 
bers, a few Polyommatus wcarus, and at the end of the green road 
a colony of Agriades coridon, the gs being abundant, but the ?s 
‘scarce. ‘This colony appears to be spreading eastwards, as it has ad- 
‘vanced considerably nearer to Guildford than I have seen it in former 
years. The two small Pierids, Gonepteryx rhamni, and A. hyperantus 
were also common. All these species continued during my week’s 
visit, though A. hyperantus was soon somewhat worn, far less so how- 
‘ever than at Tavistock; EH. iurtina, which was also common, was quite 
in rags; P. brassicae appeared on the 24th, and was very fresh, the 
other two Pierids being in all sorts of conditions, though all, of course, 
of second brood forms; the other species taken were FI’. tithonus, a few, 
gs only, 2. megera, second brood, the only ° seen being somewhat 
dark-banded, C. pamphilus, Aglais urticae, and Aricia medon, just ap- 
