54 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 65 



Among other important Indian communities, Mr. Judd visited 

 Totonicipan and Quezaltenango (Xelahuh), former Quiche strong- 

 holds which have since become, respectively, a modernized Indian 

 town and Guatemala's second city. One day was spent at Lake 

 Atitlan, that beautiful body of water which played such an important 

 part in the pre-Columbian history of the native peoples who knew its 

 shores. Overlooking the blue lake and well-guarded from strangers, 

 are several small villages, their gardens terracing the volcano slopes 

 to a point beyond the drifting clouds. San Tomas de Chichicaste- 

 nango, with its 16,000 Quiche Indians, and Santa Cruz del Quiche 

 were also visited. At the former pueblo, photographs were taken of 

 a Quiche fire-altar, with Indians at worship. Other fire-altars were 

 noticed before the doors of the two Catholic churches whose white 

 walls tower above the Indian houses. 



Near Santa Cruz del Quiche lie the crumbling ruins of Utatlan, the 

 last capital of the Quiche kingdom and the largest and most important 

 of the old cities. Every block of dressed stone has been removed 

 from the old walls and employed in the construction of the modern 

 village — acres of massed cobblestones, plaster-paved courts, and for- 

 tifications are all that remain of Utatlan's ancient splendor. At the 

 modern town of Santa Cruz there was an opportunity of witnessing a 

 native play in which was depicted the reception of the Conquerors by 

 the emperor, Nima-Quiche, and the subsequent faithlessness of the 

 Spaniards. 



Although the natives of these interior valleys have always been 

 considered treacherous, Mr. Judd experienced few difficulties and his 

 hurried journey seems to indicate that extended anthropological 

 investigations in this region will be as easy as they are desirable. 



ANTHROPOLOGICAL RESEARCHES IN AFRICA AND SIBERIA. 



In connection with the work of the division of physical anthropol- 

 ogy in the National Museum, two expeditions were sent out during 

 the year 1914, under the joint auspices of the Smithsonian Institution 

 and the Panama-California Exposition. 



One of the two expeditions was in charge of Dr. V. Schiick, 

 anthropologist of Prague, Bohemia, and its objects were: 1, to study 

 the negro child in its native environment, and thereby create a basis 

 of comparison for the study of the negro child in our country ; 2, to 

 visit the South African Bushmen for the purpose of obtaining 

 measurements, photographs, and facial casts of the same ; and, 3, to 

 visit British East Africa in search of the Pygmies. The tribe chosen 





