2,2 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 65 



(The above diagrams are drawn on half the scale of those given in 

 the previous sections. The black dots, representing valence mag- 

 netons, do not of course show their real distribution, whatever that 

 may be.) 



The exact use of the terms positive, negative, and neutral, in con- 

 nection with this theory, in describing an atom's action on the one 

 hand, and the bond between atoms on the other, is then as follows : 

 A positive 1 atom + a positive atom use .the positive bond: H — H. 



A negative atom + a negative atom use the negative bond: (ChrCl). 

 A positive atom + a negative atom use the neutral bond: H— fCl 



There follows a table of the typical oxides and hydroxides that 

 are so familiar in connection with the Periodic Scheme, together with 

 the numerical values, and relative intensities (qualitatively: see 

 below), of the combining actions derived for the atoms in this paper: 



It will readily be seen that this scheme, which is a direct mechan- 

 ical consequence of the assumptions of this theory, contains all the 

 features of the well-accredited scheme of " valencies and contra- 

 valencies " which is associated with Abegg's name ; and it also shows 

 why the " contravalencies " in groups I-III should be merely hypo- 

 thetical — for example, the Ca atom, with only two valence mag- 

 netons, can be seen, from electrostatic considerations, to have very 

 little or no tendency to draw in six more from six H atoms to give 



H H 

 the molecule H-fCa)-H : instead, it simply combines with two, using 



H H 

 the positive bond : H — Ca — H. 



For those atoms that do show negative action, it is to be expected 

 that its intensity will diminish as the number of outside magnetons 



1 Or better, "positively acting," and so for the rest. 



