NO. II 



STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM PARSON 



77 



tity directly derived from the magnitudes of the susceptibilities of 

 paramagnetic elements and compounds, and for such substances 

 only : it has no meaning" for diamagnetic substances. He maintains 

 that the moments of paramagnetic atoms and molecules, when extra- 

 polated to the absolute zero where the disturbing effect of molecular 

 motions vanishes, are in simple integer ratio to one another. The 

 highest common factor is 1 122.7 f° r the- paramagnetic salts, and 

 1 123.5 f° r ^e ferromagnetic elements; and the agreement between 

 these two values is certainly close. On this basis, the numbers of 

 magnetons in some atoms and molecules are: Fe — 11.0, Co — 8.6, 

 Ni— 3.0 (8 and 9 at higher temperatures) ; ^(Fe 3 4 ) — 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 

 in five successive states corresponding to five linear portions of the 

 curve plotting the inverse of the saturation magnetism against the 

 temperature. There follow his numbers (to the nearest integer) for 

 some compounds : 



In solution 



K 3 Fe(CN) 6 10 



Ferric ammonium citrate ... 22 



FeCl 3 28 



|Fe 2 (S0 4 ) 3 30 



NaFe 11 oxalate 27 



FeS0 4 30 



KMn0 4 4 



CuS0 4 10 



Cu(NH 3 ) 4 S0 4 6 



U(S0 4 ) 2 15 



CoCl 2 25 



MnS0 4 30 



29 



In the solid state 



FeCl 3 



FeCl 3 • 2NH 4 C1 • H 2 27 



FeF 3 • 3H 2 21 



FeF 3 -3NH 4 F 29 



Fe 111 acetylacetonate 25 



KMn 3 4 ) 18 



CrCl 3 20 



Co 11 acetylacetonate 21 



, : Neodym 2 3 



2 oa 2 vJ 3 



|Eu 2 O s 18 



|Gad 2 3 4* 



iTer 2 O s SO 



|Dyspr 2 3 56 



With regard to the integral nature of the exact numbers, 

 divergences of .1 or .2 are quite frequent, while there are values 

 such as : 



Co 8.6 



Chrome alum (violet) I 945 



(green) 19.25 



VC1 2 9-21 



VC1 4 6.65 



iV 2 3 (S0 4 ) 2 8.41 



