NO. 14 SENSE ORGANS ON MOUTH-PARTS OF BEE McINDOO 5 



oil of peppermint was fed first, several bees ate greedily for only a 

 few seconds, and when pure cane-sugar candy was given to them only 

 occasionally was a bee observed eating the candy containing oil of 

 peppermint. When the candy containing quinine was fed first, many 

 of the bees ate greedily until the pure cane-sugar candy was given 

 to them ; then they soon deserted the former for the latter. It was soon 

 observed that after eating 10 minutes, the bees were able to select the 

 candy they liked best ; therefore the first count was made 10 minutes 

 after giving them the first food and thereafter every 30 minutes. In 

 these experiments, as in nearly all the others performed, 15 or more 

 counts were recorded, but since some of the substances fed cause a 

 greater mortality than others, and in order to obtain a total average 

 as nearly uniform as possible, of the bees eating at any one count, 

 only the first five counts have been considered. To ascertain if the 

 direction of the light was a factor in helping to select the food, the 

 cases were often reversed end for end. After recording the number 

 of bees eating, they were often driven from a certain food by blowing 

 upon them, but they invariably soon returned to the same food. As 

 a general rule for all the experiments performed, the longer the bees 

 were confined in the cases, the smaller was the number observed eat- 

 ing at any given time. Neither the direction of the light nor the 

 arrangement of the food in the cases is a factor in helping to select 

 the foods they like best. 



The preceding set of experiments was repeated twice. As an aver- 

 age for the 300 bees for five counts, 35.8 per cent of the bees were 

 seen eating pure cane-sugar candy, none eating candy containing oil 

 of peppermint, and 2.3 per cent were observed eating candy containing 

 quinine, making a total average of 38.1 per cent eating at any one 

 count. Twelve bees in case No. 4 of the first set of experiments began 

 to die when the fifth count was recorded. They had freely eaten the 

 candy containing quinine. 



Two days later three grams of chinquapin (Castanea pumila) 

 honey were poured into each of five feeders. This food was then 

 given to the bees used in the third set of experiments just described. 

 During the first 15 minutes after introducing the honey, only seven 

 bees ate a little of it. After that they walked over the feeders, but 

 never offered to eat the honey again. This honey has a strong, char- 

 acteristic, bitter odor. As an average for the 100 bees for five counts, 

 15 minutes after introducing the honey 24.8 per cent were seen eating 

 pure cane-sugar candy at any one count, but none was noticed eating 



